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they exist solely to be the primary key    0  mZTerm       m hAbbrevation       m fDefinition       m x,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m t("Section # (Green)       m ^ Source       m MR2.AccessVersion Build* 08.50  MR2( ReplicateProject MR20 Title AuthorCompany` 670 Glossary MC Santoro HogwartsK[MNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmqrstuwxyz{|}~am  *\G{000204EF-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#4.0#9#C:\PROGRA~1\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\VBA\VBA6\VBE6.DLL#Visual Basic For Applications*\G{4AFFC9A0-5F99-101B-AF4E-00AA003F0F07}#9.0#0#C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office\MSACC9.OLB#Microsoft Access 9.0 Object Library*\G{00020430-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#2.0#0#C:\WINDOWS\System32\stdole2.tlb#OLE Automation*\G{00000201-0000-0010-8000-00AA006D2EA4}#2.1#0#C:\Program Files\Common Files\System\ado\msado21.tlb#Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.1 LibrarybB n)"Section # (Green)"Section____Green_@O}@jd`xabcLabel13"Section # (Green)(bgFX)ERkm`aP b k Source SourceKÚrEjd`xaP b:cLabel15 SourceF5dL,iBp}`h"PageFooterSectionĄكVdCpUt$Copy of GlossaryTypeInfo1PropData00EZwRZwDirDatanFBlob  TypeInfoPropData !PropDataCopyͬV4$PJ~PageHeaderSectionDetailPageFooterSectionm Numberd Label1m TermdLabel3mAbbrevationdLabel5mDefinitiondLabel7mSee_AlsoSee AlsodLabel9mLecture____Soergel_Lecture # (Soergel)dLabel11mSection____Green_Section # (Green)dLabel13mSourcedLabel1508:<=Babce gg|eV@*H3:0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{ sYN Y  Y  Y d Y  Y  Y Jd Y d Y d NumberTermAbbrevationDefinitionSee AlsoLect # DSSect # RG SourceYY NumberPrimaryKeyerPrimaryKeyf!{ 0C^ {lO<G"{ 0C^ {lO<G"                                                                                                                 !"#$% &!'"(#)$*%+&,'-(.)/*0+1,2-3.4/5061728394:5;6<7=8>9?:@;A<B=C>D?E@FAGBHCIDJEKFLGMHNIOJPKQLRMSNTOUPVQWRXSYTZU[V\W]X^Y_Z`[a\b]c^d_e3fagbhcidjekflgmhniojpkqlrmstuvwxyz{ | } ~  ? !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~           !"#$%&'()*+,-./01 2!3"4#5$6%7&8'9(:);*<+=,>-@.A/B0C1D2E3F4G5H6"7"8"9":";"<"=">" ?" @" A" B" C"D"E"F"G"H"I"J"K"L"M"N"O"P"Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/ Z/ [/ \/ ]/ ^/_/`/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i2j2k2l2m2n2o2p2q2 r2 s2 t2 u2 v2w2x2y2z2{2|2}2~222333333333 3 3 3 3 3333333(((((#$%&'()*+,-./01 2!3"4#5$6%7&8'9(:);*<+=,>-@.A/B0C1D2E3F4G5H6"7"8"9":";"<"=">" ?" @" A" B" C"D"E"F"G"H"I"J"K"L"M"N"O"P"Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/ Z/ [/ \/ ]/ ^/_/`/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i2j2k2l2m2n2o2p2q2 r2 s2 t2 u2 v2w2x2y2z2{2|2}2~222333333333 3 3 3 3 3333                                                                                                                 !"#$% &!'"(#)$*%+&,'-(.)/*0+1,2-3.4/5061728394:5;6<7=8>9?:@;A<B=C>D?E@FAGBHCIDJEKFLGMHNIOJPKQLRMSNTOUPVQWRXSYTZU[V\W]X^Y_Z`[a\b]c^d_e3fagbhcidjekflgmhniojpkqlrmstuvwxyz{ | } ~  ? !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~           !"#$%&'()*+,-./01 2!3"4#5$6%7&8'9(:);*<+=,>-@.A/B0C1D2E3F4G5H6"7"8"9":";"<"=">" ?" @" A" B" C"D"E"F"G"H"I"J"K"L"M"N"O"P"Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/ Z/ [/ \/ ]/ ^/_/`/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i2j2k2l2m2n2o2p2q2 r2 s2 t2 u2 v2w2x2y2z2{2|2}2~222333333333 3 3 3 3 3333333(((((#$%&'()*+,-./01 2!3"4#5$6%7&8'9(:);*<+=,>-@.A/B0C1D2E3F4G5H6"7"8"9":";"<"=">" ?" @" A" B" C"D"E"F"G"H"I"J"K"L"M"N"O"P"Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/ Z/ [/ \/ ]/ ^/_/`/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i2j2k2l2m2n2o2p2q2 r2 s2 t2 u2 v2w2x2y2z2{2|2}2~222333333333 3 3 3 3 3333K[   !"#$%&'()*+,-.2345679:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmqrstuwxyz{|}~n)"Section # (Green)"Section____Green_@O}@jd`xabcLabel13"Section # (Green)(bgFX)ERkm`aP b k Source SourceKÚrEjd`xaP b:cLabel15 SourceF5dL,iBp}`h"PageFooterSectionĄكVdCpUt$Copy of Glossary670Glossar~cU m7U`aP b k Source SourcekFCp`/d5U`xaP b:cLabel15 SourceJtOw> ydir ͬY=mHқúGDetailm Numberd Label1m Termd Label3m Abbrevationd Label5mDefinitiond Label7mSee_AlsoSee Alsod Label9mLecture____Soergel_Lecture # (Soergel)d Label11mSection____Green_Section # (Green)d Label13mSourced Label1508=Babce ghijk\ @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null))Glossary.Term)yV@0#oB*9C]0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceGlossaryGlossary Ariald2 Tahomam45 Tahoma`  Detail}ڒ ArXt1m7U`ax Number Number߀Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary keytlP~Od#d5U`xaxbvc Label1 NumberuIT#m7U`ab e2 kTermTerm;:_)Kݖ7d5U`xabc Label3TermFv]`F n15m7U`aHb eGkAbbrevationAbbrevationϚe#=FS@T^Td5U`xaHbc Label5AbbrevationXpKF;iRPm7U`ab ekDefinitionDefinition*%uJ1<_`V|d5U`xabc Label7Definitionm? sG'm7U`ab ekSee AlsoSee AlsoSee_AlsonkQTF^->6d5U`xabc Label9See Also7QȼmC y'm7U`ab ek&Lectu n·NMQ MLLLLKKKKKkKOK3KKJJJJJoJSJ7JJIIIIIsIWI;IIIHHHHwH[H?H GGGGGeGIG-GGFFFFFiFMF1FFEEEEqUE9EEEDDDDuDYD=D!DDCCCCyC]CAC%C CBBBB}BaBaEB)B BAAAAAeAIA-AA@%~| HDC13a4Dublin Core xwuvsrqponlkji:cba` 1CatalogingIndexing_^WTLIHGFECBA@?=9875432/  .01Any term or portion in a record that may be used to locate that recordBrownAccess pointccUNNN'Abstract&AbstractIndicative abstract%P"The subject of an information packageAboutness8----The subject of a document.BrownAboutness4)"""A revision of AACR2 that incorporates rewritten chapters for the description of cartographic materials, electronic resources, and continuing resources.Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 RevisionAACR2RAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 RevisionKA revision of AACR2; rules are monitored by the Joint Steering Committee (JSC) for AACR, which is made up of representatives from Australia, Canada, Great Britain, and the United States.TaylorAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision. NNNN}NaNEN)N NMMMMMeMIM-MMLLLLLiLML1LLKKKKKmKQK5KKJJJJJqJUJ9JJJIIIIuIYI=I!IIHHHHyH]HAH%H HGGGG}GaGEGFFFFFlFPF4FFEEEEEpETE8EEEDDDDtDXDA revision of AACR2 that incorporates rewritten chapters for the description of cartographic materials, electronic resources, and continuing resources.TaylorAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 RevisionImPN7NMMeMIM-MMLLLLLiLML1LLKKKKKmKQK5KK JoJSJ7JJIIIIIsIWI;IIIHHHHwH[H?H#HHGGGG{G_GCG'G GFF EErDC C]@@a class whose members can be uniquely identified by the values of their own (key) attributes.5GreenRegular entity classngee 3a visual outline of entities and relationships with their attributes.85Green (670G)Conceptual Schemarr_QOM 2Relationship: an association between two or more participants, where each participant is an entity class. Those involving two participants are called binary relationships; those involving more than two are called n-nary relationships.5Green (670G)Relationshipa set or type of similar or identical entities. Entity classes can enter into relationships.Entity classsseeeea fundamental thing of interest in the domain. Examples of entities are persons, places, objects, concepts, and events. Entities may be real or imaginary, concrete or abstract.5EntityMrecognizes entity classes and relationships as basic components of a data model. Uses information requirements to determine some appropriate logical structure for a database that can respond to underlying user needs.Green (670G)Entity-relationship modeling  NE-REntity-relationship modeling)) Machine-Readable Catalog  Cataloging and classification done by an individual institution, including deciding on the method used (i.e. making up its own codes).4Green (670G)Original CatalogingmfV<;{yx Data used in deriving a solution to a problem at hand.BrownSubstantive data10b\WE>>>vtsrqonmklhgfedba`^Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision.DAACR2RAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision.LAnglo American Cataloging Rules, Second EditionA set of rules, published in 1978, for producing the descriptive and name-and-title access points part of a surrogate record for an information package.TaylorAnglo American Cataloging Rules, Second Edition 77 Anglo American Cataloging Rules, Second EditionAACR213b, 144,7Anglo American Cataloging Rules, Second Edition}}LLG>>7rK[re # (Soergel)&Lecture # (Soergel)&Lecture____Soergel_X>K^k<-d5U`xabcLabel11&Lecture # (Soergel)׏*Mq1 m7U`ab etk"Section # (Green)"Section # (Green)"Section____Green_2G73EWOĊd5U`xabUcLabel13"Section # (Green)l C~7dm7U`aP b k Source SourceЉ3~H 5Ed5U`xaP b:cLabel15 Source$@Ikq`& odLetterDfax0winspoolFaxSHRFAX:d28 Arialm5< Arial`h"PageHeaderSection_l#CRJ/` Detail2%TLc?Ys{m`ax Number Number߀Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary keykP'EA7HGud`xaxbvc Label1 NumberD:}FJ[vm`ab e2 kTermTermXnMWI⊖d`xabc Label3Term܄_BCYռm`aHb eGkAbbrevationAbbrevationR^I\sd`xaHbc Label5AbbrevationLH Ł X?m`ab ekDefinitionDefinitionLanguage as human speakers use it.10b, 11a6Green (670G)Natural LanguageVVD64*The number of access points to a record provided by an ISAR system.ExhaustivityYYKKKK <Defining exactly how access points should be expressed.6Green (670G)Form of entry^^OA??Deciding under what element types access should be provided.6Choice of entryWWFFDD :6Sequential scanningBrowsing'da descriptive value/property associated with an entity or relationship class.Attribute``UUUU 6depends (in a technical sense) on its relationship to other entity classes for unique identifications, those other classes being its owners.5Green (670G)Weak entity classThe subject of an information package.TaylorAboutnessA6... 20aWeights/Weighing  iApproach to subject representation in which significant characteristics of the subject analysis may differ by user group, by specific goals, etc., and may vary over time.1612Green (670G)Request-oriented approach  An approach to indexing that starts from an anticipated problem, queries, and establishes relationships between entities with a view to these anticipated queries.16Brownrequest-oriented indexingݎ qA subject concept arrangement that has small notations standing for subparts of the whole topic, which, when strung together, usually in prescribed sequence, create a complete classification notation for a multipart concept.tutTaylorFaceted classification   163AbstractIndicative abstract+  163AbstractInformative abstract, { Տ eBN&N The same word has several meanings that can all be traced to a common core of meaning15Soergel (670S)Polysemy{{qaa]JDHypon  Two terms designate opposite concepts, either at the end of a scale (light and dark) or exclusive categories (male and female)15Soergel (670S)Antonynmy Two terms designate the same concept. True synonyms can be used interchangably in sentences without changing the meaning15Soergel (670S)Synonymy 3Frameslot;K A generic, content-dependent orgainzational structure, which provides a general outline for examining a discipline's structure3Jonassen et alFramejz A data structure for organizing stereotypical events or situations3Minski, from Jonassen et alFrameppiLLJWg The mechanism for storing knowledge in many expert systems and other artificial intelligence systems3Soergel (FW)Frame|nnl} An individual piece of information about the subject of a frame3Soergel (FW)Slot]]WIIG]m A category of information within a frame, which holds the information about the subject area.3Jonassen et alSlot}}wgge 14b6Access pointAdded entry( MDO` jLK = JI R9FE9ExB6Bi hThe process of identifying the major subject(s) of a work and corresponding in part to the process of making choice of entry decisions for subject matter.12Green (670G)Subject analysis gmaterial units, units of publication12Green (670G)BooksEE>0,, fintellectual units or units of creation as opposed to books12Green (670G)Works\\UGCC The content of knowledge and information sources, seen as worksSubjectPPGGGGhLevel usually in the middle of most hierarchies which is what we call things, the level that children first learn, often the level with the shortest name, etc.11Green (670G)Basic level cTheory based on the notion that the members of some classes bear only family resemblance to one another, which means that there is no single set of necessary and sufficient properties that defines the whole class.11Green (670G)Family resemblance theory   bA theory which holds that some subclasses are considered better examples of a class than others11Green (670G)Prototype theoryykggA theory that looks at the fact that certain properties are not dichotomousFuzzy logic``SSSSeThe philosophy of classification that has dominated Western culture, using classes, entities, properties, and relationships. Also called Aristotelian classification and classical classification11Green (670G)Objectivist categorizationThe breaking down of subjects into their component parts10Green (670G)Semantic factoringffRD@@ ^Classification scheme which tries to isolate the foci of the various facets and them gives general rules for how they can be put together, one in which complex systems are formed through post-coordination.10Green (670G)Analytico-synthetic system ]Classification scheme which tries to enumerate all the permissible combinations, one in which complex subjects are pre-coordinated.10Green (670G)Enumerative scheme \The order in which various characteristics of division are applied10Green (670G)Citation orderll\NJJThe sum of all isolates formed by a characteristic of division.10Green (670G)Facet``YKGGIsolatefocus YEach individual option in an ideally exhaustive list of ideally mutually exclusive properties for a characteristic of division.10Green (670G)Isolate XA series of property types into which (theoretically) the universe of knowledge can be organized in successive stages of classes and subclasses.10Green (670G)Characteristics of divisionAn index language in which elemental concepts are not combined until the searching stage.9Green (670G)PostcoordiaterdbbAn index language in which elemental concepts are combined at the indexing stage.9Green (670G)Precoordiatewwi[YY UThe semantic relationship between a verb and its various [nominal] arguments.9Green (670G)Thematic relationships}}eWUU Tthe subjects recognized are warranted/justified by their existence in literature being catalogued rather than having only a theoretical justification.8Green (670G)Literary warrant SThe relationship between components of a composite structure.8Green (670G)Syntagmatic relationshipooUGEE RPertaining to grammar in language10b8Green (670G)SyntacticII>0.)The cross-reference structure between terms in an index languageSynthetic structure]]HHHH ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute33  Any word or phrase used to obtain information from a retrieval tool or other organized system; in cataloging and indexing,  access points are specific names, titles, and subjects chosen by the cataloger or indexer.14b6TaylorAccess pointp Any term or portion in a record that may be used to locate that record14b6BrownAccess pointjj\USNLWN @ , L AJ ( NGxFE (JT@Any group of objects, particularly a group identified through relationships or links with one or more other objects or neighborhoods, together with the relationships that link themSoergel (integrated)Neighborhood inferences go from the specific to the general16Green (670G)Inductive logicYYH:66 ~inferences go from the general to the specific16Green (670G)Deductive logicYYH:66 }Refers especially to how the contents of a knowledge base are expressed with an eye to how this will support the intelligent manipulation of the knowledge.16Green (670G)Knowledge representation |Those words that occur most frequently across the entire document collection and are relatively evenly distributed, e.g. the, of, and, to, a, in, that, is, was, for, it, he, as, with, be, on, his, at, by . . .15Green (670G)Stop words {Establishes links between texts.14Green (670G)Intertextual structureRR:,(( zA genre of text, sharing characteristics, e.g., descriptive, narrative, etc.10a14Green (670G)Text typevvk]YT yStructures that define certain text genres or text types.14Green (670G)Macro-level text structureooSEAA)The structure specific and internal to an individual text, mirco-level.Intratextual structureggOOOO(The study of cohesion and structure in larger text.Discourse analysisOO;;;; vThe study of the relation between linguistic expressions and their use(r)s, or in other words, between sentences and the environments in which they occur.14Green (670G)PragmaticsThe study of meanings, both of individual lexical units and of larger constituent structures.14Green (670G)Semanticswiee tThe study of the way in which linguistic elements (esp. words) are put together to form constituents (esp. phrases or clauses)14Green (670G)Syntax sThe study and description of word formation/word-forming elements and processes.14Green (670G)Morphologyvvj\XX rStudy of the description of systems and patterns of sounds occurring in a language.14Green (670G)Phonologyxxm_[[ qThe study and systematic classifications of the sounds made in spoken utterance.14Green (670G)Phoneticsuuj\XX!the most prevalent type of book numbers, assigned from tables which assume that it is desirable to subarrange items within a class by the surname of the author.13Cutter number oIn a system in which the classification scheme is supplemented by a supplemental scheme on subarranging the books within the class, this refers to the number assigned by the supplemental system13Green (670G)Book number mThe class number followed by the book number.13Green (670G)Call numberTTG955 lnotation in which hierarchical relationships between subjects are generally reflected in the notation13Green (670G)Expressive notationqmm kApproach to subject representation in which it is assumed that subjecthood is inherent in documents.12Green (670G)Document-oriented approach~pll j12Green (670G)User-needs-oriented approactrequest-oriented approachQ6 #Approach to subject representation in which significant characteristics of the subject analysis may differ by user group, by specific goals, etc., and may vary over time.12Green (670G)Request-oriented approach A body that takes responsibility for estqablishing voluntary industry standards; works closely with NISOTaylorAmerican National Stanards InstitutexpppmN6NM|MLtL JkJ~ SG  An element, such as author name, title, series title, or subject descriptor under which a document can be found in a catalog or index14bSoergel (670S)Entry A catalog that refers to objects in multiple collections13bSoergel (670S)Union catalogddUEE@ eA database that contains identifying/descriptive data about objects (documents), data sets, or merchandise.13bSoergel (670S)Catalogxxs 10aCohesion  10aCoherence  Any presentation of information, as written or spoken text, still or moving image, or music or sound, in any medium, print, computer screen, TV, radio, etc.10aSoergel (670S)Document Input recordoutput record# 8Input recordrecordA concept that cannot be broken up futher into components that jointly define the meaning of the conceptSoergel (FW)Elemental concept~ppp A term chosen to designate a concept from among several synanyms in a controlled vocabulary system.Soergel (FW)Preferred termykkk A specil kind of controlled subject descriptor, often created by the editor of a subject heading list, such as LCSH, and designed for card catalogs or printed catalogs.Soergel (FW)Subject heading In subject retrieval, a concept (or the word or phrase designating that concept) included in the controlled vocabulary of a system and therefore available for search in that system.Soergel (FW)DescriptorA string or number that defines an entity valueSoergel (FW)Entity identifierXXE777RBased on intrinsic, permanent characteristics rather than temporary roles an actual entity plays in a contextSoergel (FW)Entity typeuuu A relationship that relates two entities, it cam be used as a link (as on the Web) to navigate from one entity to another, fram a person to a document authored by that person, etc.Soergel (FW)Binary relationship,An individual piece of information about the subject of a frameSoergel (FW)Slot[[UGGG+The mechanism for storing knowledge in many expert systems and other artificial intelligence systemsSoergel (FW)Framezlll(Frameslot -A category of information within a frame, which holds the information about the subject area.Jonassen et alSlot{{ueee)A generic, content-dependent orgainzational structure, which provides a general outline for examining a discipline's structureJonassen et alFrame*A data structure for organizing stereotypical events or situationsMinski, from Jonassen et alFramenngJJJ The consistent use and maintenance of established forms for headings, names, subjects, etc.BrownAuthority control}}jccc The results of the process of maintaining consistency of forms of headings and the further process of showing relationships among headings  all for the purpose of collocation.TaylorAuthority control7G A grouping of records of the authorized forms of names, titles, or subjects chosen for use in a catalog, including cross-references.BrownAuthority filen~ LA special language consisting of authorized descriptors.8Green (670G)Controlled vocabularyggPB@@ A collection of authority recordsTaylorAuthority fileAA1))) Includes the established form of a name or word that is used as an access point in an index, as well as cross-references from other names or terms and the sources used to establish the heading.BrownAuthority recordjz A means for recording all the decisions made in the process of authority work.TaylorAuthority recordpp^VVV 96Controlled vocabularyUncontrolled vocabulary8{ A term that designates the same concept or meaning as another term.15BrownSynonym__VOOK  A term with the same meaning as another term; often, in controlled vocabularies, used for a term that has nearly the same meaning as well as for a term that has the same meaning.15TaylorSynonymEU The process of creating, arranging, and maintaining systems for bibliographic information retrieval. 13b, 14BrownBibliographic control~wwn }One term with multiple meanings.15BrownHomonym<<3,,(׎ The process of describing items in the bibliographic universe and then providing name, title, and subject access to the descriptions, resulting in records that serve as surrogates for the actual items of recorded information. 13b, 14TaylorBibliographic controlfv A database that focuses on documents; a database for bibliographic retrieval.BrownBibliographic databasett\UUUk{ A collection of bibliographic records held in the format of a database.TaylorBibliographic databaseooWOOO Bibliographic databaseDatabase( Bibliographic databaseNonbibliographic database9) The relationship that defines hierarchy. Terms are hyponyms if term A designates concept A', term B designates concept B', and B' is more specific than A'15Soergel (670S)Hyponymy+ !Description of an information package; later terms used for descriptions of information packages are  surrogate record and  metadata record. TaylorBibliographic record "A bibliographic data base that lists documents falling into its scope, regardless of the physical location of these documents; often a list of writings on a given subject or by a given author.BrownBibliography*: #A list of information packages; bibliographies bring together lists of sources based on subject matter, on authors, by time periods, and the like.TaylorBibliography>N $The conjunctions AND, OR, and NOT; used to construct complex searches. Also called Boolean logic and logical operators.9BrownBoolean operatorsWg %The terms AND, OR, and NOT as used to construct search topics through postcoordinate indexing.9TaylorBoolean operatorsphhfeu Two different words or phrases have the same spelling or the same pronunciation15Soergel (670S)Homonymyuuk[[W 163Informative abstractAbstract," t &BTtutBroader Topic َ /recognizes entity classes and relationships as basic components of a data model. Uses information requirements to determine some appropriate logical structure for a database that can respond to underlying user needs.15Green (670G)Entity-relationship modeling .E-R15Entity-relationship modeling--  163Informative abstractIndicative abstract7"  A statement summarizing the important points of a text.163BrownAbstractVVLEC?Rb An abstract that merely indicates what the document is about or is relevant for; pointer data.163BrownIndicative abstractsljfHX Based on intrinsic, permanent characteristics rather than temporary roles an actual entity plays in a context1Soergel (FW)Entity typewwu 163Indicative abstractInformative abstract7! \l *A type of key with a combination of one or more fields whose value uniquely identifies a record.BrownCandidate key~~ohhh 163Indicative abstractAbstract+! hx &indicates what is in the original without repeating its substance163Green (670G)Indicative abstractrr]OMIЏ +Candidate keyKeyLVALhD H B H @?X H   k j     B   X     0 p  x x x x x x x x j     B     ȅ  d    ȅ  d  d  d Glossary.NumberGlossaryGlossary.Term'Glossary.Abbrevation%Glossary.Definition!Glossary.See Also7Glossary.Lecture # (Soergel)3Glossary.Section # (Green)Glossary.Source@ 8      GyV@ ( @  j TJ T  T;D(z TSe To B T T# TGlossary       -cV@~sq_f670Glossary@  X               0   p     X     0 p  j Tm L T T Teci T (rB T  T T Glossary j X   `   h   p   x  B     X     0 p        8 X x                                                              8 X `    H   H   H   H   H   H   H    z    8T@ `  8  H  X @ h x x     `  ȃ  d    ȃ@  dx  d  d H         `    @ x     Glossary0 H PrimaryKey Number`  v  P h   q                                 @  GlossaryPrimaryKey          (     An abstract containing pointer data as well as some of the substantive data given in the document or generalized information that can be derived from the document.163BrownInformative abstractn LVALЀ MR2 GUIDNameMap\ *H3:8 0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej݌TV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation G      m  ÒE|̄3~Definition       m  ?ɏC"rMR2 GUIDNameMap\ *H3:8 0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceK[xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceGlossaryGlossary Arial8 hFax`& odLetterDfax0winspoolFaxSHRFAX:d28 Arialm5< Arial`h"PageHeaderSection_l#CRJ/` Detail2%TLc?Ys{m`ax Number Number߀Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary keykP'EA7HGud`xaxbvc Label1 NumberD:}FJ[vm`ab e2 kTermTermXnMWI⊖d`xabc Label3Term܄_BCYռm`aHb eGkAbbrevationAbbrevationR^I\sd`xaHbc Label5AbbrevationLH Ł X?m`ab ekDefinitionDefinition A category for which there exists a prototype and any objects or examples that are not very close to the prototype are more distant because of the absence of one or more well-defined features.3-4Soergel (FW)radial category dLevel usually in the middle of most hierarchies which is what we call things, the level that children first learn, often the level with the shortest name, etc.3-411Green (670G)Basic levelIY :An alternate heading which directs the user to either the established form of a heading or to related headings. BrownCross-referenceyyy ;A gathered body of facts.BrownData..(!!!̏ <DataDirectional data ̏ =DataSubstantive data  *often takes the form of generating an extract of those sentences which, because of their position in the document and because of the words used in them, have the best chance summarizing the document.163Green (670G)Automatic Abstracting)9 >A system of one or more relations or files. Common term for machine  readable formats; also used in a general sense independent from storage medium.BrownDatabase.> ?A set of records that are all constructed in the same way and are often connected by relationship links; the structure underlying retrieval tools.TaylorDatabaseď @DatabaseSubstantive database&ȏ ADatabaseNumeric database" BDatabaseBibliographic database( CDatabaseNonbibliographic database+ A list of all subject descriptors17BrownIndex languageDD4--)Rb EThe use of automated data analysis techniques to uncover previously undetected relationships among entities.BrownData mining{ttt;K DThe process that aims to identify and organize the required data logically and physically. Also called knowledge representation.BrownData modeling FDBMSData Base Management System))  GData Base Management System; a computer program that can organize large collections of interrelated data according to a well-defined schema and produce reports by extracting and reformatting data.BrownData Base Management System, A rule-based means for choosing and structuring terms, either controlled or non-controlled, that can assist in providing access to an information package.17TaylorIndex language 17Index languageSubject descriptor. Ï 17Index languageDescriptors'  KDDCDewey Decimal Classification)) ʏ 17IndexingCataloging  Î LClassification devised by Melvil Dewey in 1876; it divides the world of knowledge hierarchically into 10 divisions, which are in turn divided into 10 sections, and so on. DDC is enumerative but with many faceting capabilities in its later editions.TaylorDewey Decimal Classification'' k{ MEstablishing a relationship between an entity and appropriate descriptors.BrownDescriptive indexingooYRRR NDescriptive indexingDescriptive cataloging4/ Integrating new entities and relationships into a database; the total process of integration. Common term for subject indexing and back-of-the-book indexing.17BrownIndexing PDescriptive catalogingDescriptive indexing4ď 17IndexingSubject indexing& Xh dAn SGML or XML application; defines the structure of a particular type of document.11bTaylorDocument Type Definitionh``[ fEADEncoded Archival Description)) EU A concept that cannot be broken up futher into components that jointly define the meaning of the concept17Soergel (FW)Elemental conceptttpp _The breaking down of subjects into their component parts1710Green (670G)Semantic factoringjjVHD@jz The conceptual breakdown of compound concepts according to their meanings17BrownSemantic factoringpp\UUQTd uThe study of meanings, both of individual lexical units and of larger constituent structures.1714Green (670G)Semantics{mie,< OThe process of providing the descriptive data and access points (other than subject) for surrogate records that are part of a catalog.TaylorDescriptive catalogingeu An inclusive search looks for a concept and all its narrower concepts.17Soergel (FW)Inclusive searchinguu`RRNʏ 19IndexPrimary Index   RData that describes an information package, such as its title, its associated names, its edition, its date of publication, its extent, and notes identifying pertinent features.14aTaylorDescription (descriptive data) A bibliographic tool that provided access to the analyzed contents of information packages (e.g., articles in a journal, short storied in a collection, etc.) Back-of-the-book indexes provide access to the analyzed contents of one work.21TaylorIndexk{ Any file that facilitates access to the records or entities in a second or main file.23BrownIndexoohaa]ȏ 25IndexSecondary Index"  SAn authorized identifier used for retrieval.BrownDescriptorGG;444[k TSubject concept term, representing a single concept, usually found in thesauri and used in indexes.TaylorDescriptorskkkď UDescriptorSubject descriptor&ȏ VDescriptorIndex language"Ǐ WDescriptorSubject heading#Џ 27IndexCatalog l| $The expression of knowledge through a symbol system.1, 3-4Soergel (670S)Knowledge RepresentationnnTDD<[k XData that points or directs the recipient to other sources of data. Also called pointer data.BrownDirectional datamfff YDirectional dataSubstantive data*ȏ ZDirectional dataMetadata"u [A data base that focuses on persons, organizations, academic programs, etc.BrownDirectoryeeZSSS \A measurement of the ability of a system to reject irrelevant documents; a measurement of success in a system. Discrimination is computed by dividing the number of irrelevant rejected documents by all irrelevant documents.6BrownDiscriminationP` ]A frame for a document that contains slots for each part (such as a line or part of a line) of the document.BrownDocument type{tttJZ ^A set of entity values associated with an entity type that defines the scope of the entity type in the data base at hand.BrownDomain _A sphere of knowledge, influence or activity.TaylorDomainEE=555br `In networking, a group of computers whose host names share a common name (i.e. the domain name).TaylorDomainxxphhhƏ aDSSDecision Support System$$ 2B bDecision Support System; a system that retrieves and processes information to suit the style of the manager for whom it was customized.Decision Support System cDTD11bDocument Type Definition**  rA measurement of the ability of the system to reject irrelevant documents; a measurement of success in the system. Fallout is computed by dividing the number of irrelevant retrieved documents by all irrelevant documents.6BrownFallout {A series in which each element is graded or ranked.17BrownHierarchyQQF??;_o VAn index language in which elemental concepts are combined at the indexing stage.199Green (670G)Precoordiate{{m_]Y The assigning of subject terms to surrogate records in such a way that some concepts are put together in subject strings and searcher of the system do not have to coordinate these particular terms themselves.19Taylorpre-coordinate indexing gA metadata schemeBrownEncoded Archival Description>>  0a fundamental thing of interest in the domain. Examples of entities are persons, places, objects, concepts, and events. Entities may be real or imaginary, concrete or abstract.3-45Green (670G)Entity`p iAn object, observation, transaction, person, or other noun about which data is to be stored.3-45BrownEntityzzrkidv hAn XML DTD created specifically to encode finding aidsTaylorEncoded Archival DescriptionddF>>>ӎ |An arrangement by which categories are grouped in such a way that a concept (e.g., class or discipline) is subdivided into subconcepts of an equal level of specificity, each of those subconcepts are further subdivided into subcategories, and so on.17TaylorHierarchy q [The sum of all isolates formed by a characteristic of division.17, tut10Green (670G)FacetiibTPG| nAn aspect or viewpoint from which entities can be analyzed.17, tut10BrownFacet^^WPLC͏ (BTtutBroader Term '7 )A term one level up from the term being examined in a listing where subject concepts have been conceived in relationships that are hierarchical.tutTaylorBroader Termk{ 'Used in hierarchies to designate a broader concept than the current concept.tutBrownBroader Topicoo`YYTB xZ<hGlossary!!!   G  G Glossary!!!    G    G  Glossary!!!    G    Gp oA list of facets serving as a framework for the analysis of compound concepts.BrownFacet Framejj]VVVLVALhD P% P  ?`P k jBX0pxxxxxxxxjB  ȅ  d    ȅ  d  d  d Glossary.NumberGlossaryGlossary.Term'Glossary.Abbrevation%Glossary.Definition!Glossary.See Also7Glossary.Lecture # (Soergel)3Glossary.Section # (Green)Glossary.SourceH@  fV@(@ jV V V V V BV V VGlossary((-cV@)~sq_rCopy of Glossary@ X     0 p  X0pjV V V V V BV V VGlossary j`  h  p  x    B     X0p  8Xx                              8`h( H( H( H( H( H( H( H( z HV@h@P`Hph ȃ d  ȃH d d dH hH(Glossary8PPrimaryKey Numberhv Xpq HGlossaryPrimaryKey0( Y N  Y Y Y Y  Y   Y  WY Y  Y Y Y W Y   Y DateDelim"DateFourDigitYear DateLeadingZerosDateOrderDecimalPointFieldSeparatorFileType SpecIDSpecNameSpecTypeStartRowTextDelimTimeDelimWWWYPrimaryKeyv1v sA set of records or a set of actual entities; more complicated than a relation.BrownFiledd^WWWTd tTo search using terms in titles, abstracts, or full text. Also called natural language searching.BrownFree-text searchingqjjj uFree-text searchingUncontrolled vocabulary4̏ NTtutNarrower term ) A term one level down from the term being considered in a listing where terms for subject concepts have been conceived in relationships that are hierarchicaltutTaylorNarrower term(8 vA classification that attempts to arrange subjects according to a natural order- proceeding from classes to divisions to subdivisions.BrownHierarchical classification'7 wA subject concept arrangement system that follows the classical theory of categorization, creating categories from general to specificTaylorHierarchical classification xHierarchical classificationTaxonomy-#jz used in hierarchies to designate a narrower concept than the current concepttutBrownNarrower topicpp`YYTˏ NTtutNarrower topic q yThe preservation of attributes in entities within a hierarchy.9BrownHierarchical inheritanceiiOHHF zUsing hierarchy to store information in common to many specific cases once and for all under a superordinate case. When that information is needed for a specific case, the system looks under the superordinate case; specific cases  inherit the information9Soergel (FW)Hierarchical inheritance77  jA term used in the field of organization of information to indicate an item; both  entity and  item are used in order to avoid  book or other such specific designation.3-45TaylorEntity kA  thing (resource, person, name, address, etc.).3-45TaylorEntityWWOGE@Rb 1a set or type of similar or identical entities. Entity classes can enter into relationships.3-45Green (670G)Entity classzlje ~HTML12bHypertext Markup Language,, :J The combination of subject terms at the time of indexing for use in the retrieval of materials on complex concepts.19Brownpre-combination indexing{  A scheme for encoding text, pictures, and the like, so that they can be displayed using various programs because the coding is totally made up of ASCII text.12bTaylorHypertext Markup Language} A string or number that defines an entity value3-4Soergel (FW)Entity identifier]]J<<7 A computer-based text retrieval system that enables a user to access particular locations in web pages or other electronic documents by clicking on links within specific web pages or documents; the basic idea behind World Wide Web pages.BrownHypertext  Document in which words, pictures, references, and the like, may be linked to other locations or documents so that clicking on one of the links takes a person to related information.TaylorHypertext pA classification constructed from the combination, in prescribed sequence, of clearly defined, mutually exclusive, and collectively exhaustive aspects, properties, or characteristics of a class or specific subject.tutBrownFaceted classification URL13b,14Uniform Resource Locator-- jz an identification scheme for physical volume or storage locatio13b,14BrownUniform Resource LocatorppVOOG !A form of URI; the address of a document on the Internet; it indicates what protocol to use (e.g.,  http,  telnet ) and then gives the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located: most often server address, directory path, and file name.13b,14TaylorUniform Resource Locator==#ߎ ,Retrieval tool that provides access to individual terms within collections of information packages (e.g., physical entities such as books, videos, and CDs in a library; artists works in an art museum; Web pages on the Internet; etc).13bTaylorCatalog  ʏ 5queryquery statement Ϗ .13bCatalogIndex Ҏ -A database with one main entity type in which the main entities are members of a collection; the catalog provides access to these entities from various data elements. An organized set of bibliographic records representing the holdings of a collection.13bBrownCatalog U^dkkJivMdfvQufdimkfQMYSYMJmYdb qY NY Y  Y Y Y Y WY Y AttributesDataTypeFieldNameIndexTypeSkipColumn SpecID Start WidthWWWWWWYY Index1PrimaryKeyv1 mQi`mQi`mQi`kdoiMQmQi`mQi`kdoiMQmQi`mQi`QmQi`  iiiiiii KAuthority control as applied to entities other than named and titles. Controlled vocabulary (defined again): A special language consisting of authorized descriptors.158Green (670G)Vocabulary controlȏ 5queryquery formulation"y Glossary Copy Export Specification/:.,"]YWUSQOOOK  i2Source  72 i2Source  72 i2Source  72Section i2Source  i2Source  72Secti i2Source   i2Source  dTerm a YlidatiNY  Y y Y Nd Y n Y n Y Hd Y id Y d NumberTermAbbrevationDefinitionSee Also&Lecture # (Soergel)"Section # (Green) SourcemeiI&8 0' eYY NumberPrimaryKeyeu The topic of the search request, perhaps qualified by formal criteria; a statement of a need.5Brownqueryuunggeˏ 5querysearch request 16problem-oriented indexingrequest-oriented indexing@% r Gaining access to stored data for the purpose of becoming informedBrownInformation retrievalhhQJJJ LCNAFLibrary of Congress Name Authority File66  LCSHLibrary of Congress Subject Headings22  A list of terms to be used as controlled vocabulary for subject headings created by the Library of Congress and used by any agency that wishes to provide controlled subject access to surrogate records.TaylorLibrary of Congress Subject Headinds A list of all lead-in termsBrownLead-in vocabulary>>*### Lead-in vocabularyLead-in term(-= Any term or other symbol for which a relationship to a descriptor is established so that a user looking under the term is led to the descriptor.BrownLead-in term The assigning of single concepts terms from a controlled vocabulary to surrogate records so that the searcher of the system is required to coordinate the terms through such techniques as Boolean Searching.19Taylorport-coordinate indexing' The grouping of a large number of entries under simple concepts in such a way that the user can combine them to locate material on compound subjects.19Brownpost-combination indexingUe WAn index language in which elemental concepts are not combined until the searching stage.199Green (670G)Postcoordiatevhfbv1@ f33 The attributes and relationship between similar objectsBrownInheritanceSSF???l| =The number of access points to a record provided by an ISAR system.20a6Green (670G)Exhaustivitynn`RPK! lThe number of concepts that will be considered in the process of providing subject analysis; two basic degrees of exhaustivity are depth indexing and summarization.20a6TaylorExhaustivity @The level of detail in a record in an ISAR system20a6Green (670G)Specificity[[N@>9^n A precise, formal definition of the request described informally in the query statement.5Brpwnquery formulation||ibb`iy A form that allows a system operator to give information to the information system8BrownInput recordqqc\\Z ISARInformation Storage and Retrieval System66 ~ A description of the need or request in ordinary language.5Brownquery statement\\KDDB Any group of objects, particularly a group identified through relationships or links with one or more other objects or neighborhoods, together with the relationships that link them7Soergel (integrated)Neighborhood ISBNInternational Standard Book Number00 DT A number that is accepted as an international standard for a unique number for a monographic item.TaylorInternational Standard Book NumberrjjjHvcb(Gũ0qʲ8މQm0PYK zÊHW{0He''O(uE\B6|Utrcyz Z 5wt$p (Dp (Gtqʲ8Sk`YhiHW{0He'''LN'Hytrcyz Z 5wt$p (Ep Dp Gtqʲ8Sk`YhiHW{0He'''LN'Hytrcyz Z 5wt$p : Y  ^  F 1-i(?5@Bibliographic controlThe process of creating, arranging, and maintaining systems for bibliographic information retrieval. 13b, 14BrownAuthority recordA means for recording all the decisions made in the process of authority work.TaylorphhhhAuthority recordIncludes the established form of a name or word that is used as an access point in an index, as well as cross-references from other names or terms and the sources used to establish the heading.BrownAuthority fileA collection of authority recordsTaylorA9999Authority fileA grouping of records of the authorized forms of names, titles, or subjects chosen for use in a catalog, including cross-references.BrownAuthority controlThe results of the process of maintaining consistency of forms of headings and the further process of showing relationships among headings  all for the purpose of collocation.TaylorAuthority controlThe consistent use and maintenance of established forms for headings, names, subjects, etc.Brown}vvvvAmerican National Stanards InstituteA body that takes responsibility for estqablishing voluntary industry standards; works closely with NISOTaylor,,American National Standards InstituteANSI333333-Added entryAny access point in the metadata other then the primary access point14b6,7Taylorkc^YYAdded entryAn entry additional to the main entry by which an item is represented in an index14b6,7BrownwpkffAccess pointPrimary access point6,,**SAccess pointAdded entry14b6((&!sAccess pointAny word or phrase used to obtain information from a retrieval tool or other organized system; in cataloging and indexing,  access points are specific names, titles, and subjects chosen by the cataloger or indexer.14b6Taylor Access pointAny term or portion in a record that may be used to locate that record14b6Brownjca\\ AbstractingThe act of summarizing, especially a text document3IIGGGK AbstractInformative abstract163,,*&s AbstractIndicative abstract163++)%s AbstractA statement summarizing the important points of a text.163BrownVOMIIAboutnessThe subject of an information package.TaylorA9999AboutnessThe subject of a document.Brown4----Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 RevisionA revision of AACR2 that incorporates rewritten chapters for the description of cartographic materials, electronic resources, and continuing resources.13b, 144,7TaylorCCAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 RevisionAACR2R13b, 144,7YYTKKKCgAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision.A revision of AACR2; rules are monitored by the Joint Steering Committee (JSC) for AACR, which is made up of representatives from Australia, Canada, Great Britain, and the United States.13b, 144,7Taylor DDAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision.AACR2R13b, 144,7ZZULLLDgAnglo American Cataloging Rules, Second EditionA set of rules, published in 1978, for producing the descriptive and name-and-title access points part of a surrogate record for an information package.13b, 144,7Taylor77Anglo American Cataloging Rules, Second EditionAACR213b, 144,7LLG>>>7g ISSNInternational Standard Serial Number22 L\ A number that is accepted as an international standard for a unique number for a serial.TaylorInternational Standard Serial Numberh``` A combination of one or more fields that are used for searchingBrownKeySSNGGGЏ KeyCandidate Key ҏ KeyPrimary Key  Knowledge-based systemExpert System-z Indexing entries from significant words from a title or a text.BrownKeyword Indexing``NGGG LVALЀ MR2nOrientationOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescriptionDecimalPlacesDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompression FilterOrderByV  8 0 UF{ ej݌TV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r.MR2POrientationOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescriptionDecimalPlacesDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionV  8 0 UF{ ej݌TV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource Number    Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key   0    mhAbbrevation G        m  fDefinition         m  x,&Lecture # (Soergel)         m  t("Section # (Green) t        m  ^ Source         m  ZTerm 2        m  bSee Also         m  MR2 GUIDNameMap\ 0#oB*9C]8 0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceMR2 GUIDNameMap\ V=Dp8 0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceK[TypeInfoCopyͬ\;qHfr xDetailm Numberd Label1m Termd Label3m Abbrevationd Label5mDefinitiond Label7mSee_AlsoSee Alsod Label9mLecture____Soergel_Lecture # (Soergel)d Label11mSection____Green_Section # (Green)d Label13mSourced Label1508=Babce g@((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null))Glossary.TermJ1-oV@V=Dp0 UF{ ej-cV@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSourceGlossaryGlossary Ariald2 Tahomam45 Tahoma`  DetailR"@~"d5U`xabc Label9See AlsoyZLtm7U`ab ek&Lecture # (Soergel)&Lecture # (Soergel)&Lecture____Soergel_DF . Ud5U`xabcLabel11&Lecture # (Soergel)\Lm7U`ab etk"Section # (Green)"Section # (Green)"Section____Green_*TYI dir LVALhD P% P  ?`P k jBX0pxxxxxxxxjB  ȅ  d    ȅ  d  d  d Glossary.NumberGlossaryGlossary.Term'Glossary.Abbrevation%Glossary.Definition!Glossary.See Also7Glossary.Lecture # (Soergel)3Glossary.Section # (Green)Glossary.SourceH@  lqV@(@ j@V @V @V @V @V B@V @V @VGlossary((-cV@)~sq_fCopy of Glossary@ X     0 p  X0pj@V @V @V @V @V B@V @V @VGlossary j`  h  p  x    B     X0p  8Xx                              8`h( H( H( H( H( H( H( H( z xV@h@P`Hph ȃ d  ȃH d d dH hH(Glossary8PPrimaryKey Numberhv Xpq HGlossaryPrimaryKey0(ɏ KWICKey Word in Context!! ŏ KWOCKey Word out of Context%%  LCCLibrary of Congress Classification//  Classification scheme that divides the world of knowledge hierarchically into categories using the letters of the alphabet and then using numerals for further subdivisions. LCC is basically an enumerative scheme, allowing only a limited amount of facetingTaylorLibrary of Congress Classification.44 LCCNLibrary of Congress Controll Number11  Lead-in termLead-in vocabulary( S J x  O FM5Classification schemeTaxonomy''''4Classification schemeA specification of a systematic organization of knowledge.TayloraYYYY3ClassificationThe placing of subjects into categories; in organization of information, classification is the process of determining where an information package fits into a given hierarchy and often then assigning the appropriate notation.Taylor2ClassificationA scheme for the systematic organization of knowledge, usually by subject.Brownibbbb1CatalogingIndexing0CatalogingThe act of creating surrogate records for information packages, choosing appropriate access points, and maintaining the system through which records are made available. Such work done in non-profit agencies is usually called cataloging.Taylor /CatalogingThe intellectual process of indexing; the process of describing an item in the collection, conducting subject analysis, and assigning a classification number.Brown.CatalogIndex13b3-CatalogA database with one main entity type in which the main entities are members of a collection; the catalog provides access to these entities from various data elements. An organized set of bibliographic records representing the holdings of a collection.13bBrown  ,CatalogRetrieval tool that provides access to individual terms within collections of information packages (e.g., physical entities such as books, videos, and CDs in a library; artists works in an art museum; Web pages on the Internet; etc).13bTaylor +Candidate keyKey*Candidate keyA type of key with a combination of one or more fields whose value uniquely identifies a record.Brown~wwww)Broader TermA term one level up from the term being examined in a listing where subject concepts have been conceived in relationships that are hierarchical.tutTaylor(Broader TermBTtut''Broader TopicUsed in hierarchies to designate a broader concept than the current concept.tutBrownohhcc&Broader TopicBTtut'%Boolean operatorsThe terms AND, OR, and NOT as used to construct search topics through postcoordinate indexing.9Taylor{{yy$Boolean operatorsThe conjunctions AND, OR, and NOT; used to construct complex searches. Also called Boolean logic and logical operators.9Brown#BibliographyA list of information packages; bibliographies bring together lists of sources based on subject matter, on authors, by time periods, and the like.Taylor"BibliographyA bibliographic data base that lists documents falling into its scope, regardless of the physical location of these documents; often a list of writings on a given subject or by a given author.Brown!Bibliographic recordDescription of an information package; later terms used for descriptions of information packages are  surrogate record and  metadata record. Taylor Bibliographic databaseNonbibliographic database9999Bibliographic databaseDatabase((((Bibliographic databaseA collection of bibliographic records held in the format of a database.TayloroggggBibliographic databaseA database that focuses on documents; a database for bibliographic retrieval.BrowntmmmmBibliographic controlThe process of describing items in the bibliographic universe and then providing name, title, and subject access to the descriptions, resulting in records that serve as surrogates for the actual items of recorded information. 13b, 14Taylor  E S n = H P  UKH@[SDescriptorAn authorized identifier used for retrieval.BrownG@@@@RDescription (descriptive data)Data that describes an information package, such as its title, its associated names, its edition, its date of publication, its extent, and notes identifying pertinent features.14aTaylor&&QDescriptionThat which is used to identify and characterize an object or item.14a2Green (670 G interpreted by MCS)^\WWPDescriptive catalogingDescriptive indexing4444ODescriptive catalogingThe process of providing the descriptive data and access points (other than subject) for surrogate records that are part of a catalog.TaylorNDescriptive indexingDescriptive cataloging4444MDescriptive indexingEstablishing a relationship between an entity and appropriate descriptors.BrownohhhhLDewey Decimal ClassificationClassification devised by Melvil Dewey in 1876; it divides the world of knowledge hierarchically into 10 divisions, which are in turn divided into 10 sections, and so on. DDC is enumerative but with many faceting capabilities in its later editions.Taylor'$$KDewey Decimal ClassificationDDC))))))$JDublin CoreShortened form of Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. An internationally agreed-on set of elements that can be  filled in by the creator of an electronic document in order to create a metadata record for the document.13a4TaylorIDublin CoreA metadata scheme.13a4Brown5.,''HDublin CoreDC13a4gGData Base Management SystemData Base Management System; a computer program that can organize large collections of interrelated data according to a well-defined schema and produce reports by extracting and reformatting data.Brown##FData Base Management SystemDBMS))))))#EData miningThe use of automated data analysis techniques to uncover previously undetected relationships among entities.BrownDData modelingThe process that aims to identify and organize the required data logically and physically. Also called knowledge representation.BrownCDatabaseNonbibliographic database++++BDatabaseBibliographic database((((ADatabaseNumeric database""""@DatabaseSubstantive database&&&&?DatabaseA set of records that are all constructed in the same way and are often connected by relationship links; the structure underlying retrieval tools.Taylor>DatabaseA system of one or more relations or files. Common term for machine  readable formats; also used in a general sense independent from storage medium.Brown=DataSubstantive data <DataDirectional data ;DataA gathered body of facts.Brown.'''' :Cross-referenceAn alternate heading which directs the user to either the established form of a heading or to related headings. Brown9Controlled vocabularyUncontrolled vocabulary68866S8Controlled vocabularyA list or database of subject terms in which all terms or phrases representing a concept are brought together. Often a preferred term or phrase is designated for use in surrogate records in a retrieval tool.6Taylor7Controlled vocabularyA vocabulary in which one term is chosen from a group of synonyms to represent a concept.6Soergel (FW)zxxx6Controlled vocabularyLanguage, usually in the form of a thesaurus or subject heading list, that is carefully systemized for use in retrieval systems.6Brown- The selection of concepts for a subject heading list, thesaurus, or classification in response to the concepts represented in a specific set of documents. BrownLiterary warrant The concept that new notations are created for classification scheme and new terms are added to a controlled vocabulary only when information packages actually exist about new concepts.BrownLiterary warrant;n58 N ;  & Tt#07qFaceted classificationA subject concept arrangement that has small notations standing for subparts of the whole topic, which, when strung together, usually in prescribed sequence, create a complete classification notation for a multipart concept.tutTaylor pFaceted classificationA classification constructed from the combination, in prescribed sequence, of clearly defined, mutually exclusive, and collectively exhaustive aspects, properties, or characteristics of a class or specific subject.tutBrownoFacet FrameA list of facets serving as a framework for the analysis of compound concepts.BrownjccccnFacetAn aspect or viewpoint from which entities can be analyzed.17, tut10Brown^WSJJ mExpert Systemknowledge-based system1///-3lExhaustivityThe number of concepts that will be considered in the process of providing subject analysis; two basic degrees of exhaustivity are depth indexing and summarization.20a6TaylorkEntityA  thing (resource, person, name, address, etc.).3-45TaylorWOMHHjEntityA term used in the field of organization of information to indicate an item; both  entity and  item are used in order to avoid  book or other such specific designation.3-45TayloriEntityAn object, observation, transaction, person, or other noun about which data is to be stored.3-45BrownzsqllhEncoded Archival DescriptionAn XML DTD created specifically to encode finding aidsTaylord\\\\$$gEncoded Archival DescriptionA metadata schemeBrown>7777$$fEncoded Archival DescriptionEAD))))))$eCatalogA database that contains identifying/descriptive data about objects (documents), data sets, or merchandise.13bSoergel (670S)||dDocument Type DefinitionAn SGML or XML application; defines the structure of a particular type of document.11bTaylorzzuu cDocument Type DefinitionDTD11b***%%% 'bDecision Support SystemDecision Support System; a system that retrieves and processes information to suit the style of the manager for whom it was customized. aDecision Support SystemDSS$$$$$$`DomainIn networking, a group of computers whose host names share a common name (i.e. the domain name).Taylorxpppp_DomainA sphere of knowledge, influence or activity.TaylorE====^DomainA set of entity values associated with an entity type that defines the scope of the entity type in the data base at hand.Brown]Document typeA frame for a document that contains slots for each part (such as a line or part of a line) of the document.Brown\DiscriminationA measurement of the ability of a system to reject irrelevant documents; a measurement of success in a system. Discrimination is computed by dividing the number of irrelevant rejected documents by all irrelevant documents.6Brown[DirectoryA data base that focuses on persons, organizations, academic programs, etc.Browne^^^^ZDirectional dataMetadata""""YDirectional dataSubstantive data****XDirectional dataData that points or directs the recipient to other sources of data. Also called pointer data.BrownxxxxWDescriptorSubject heading####VDescriptorIndex language""""UDescriptorSubject descriptor&&&&TDescriptorSubject concept term, representing a single concept, usually found in thesauri and used in indexes.Taylorwwww  X  1 *IndexingIntegrating new entities and relationships into a database; the total process of integration. Common term for subject indexing and back-of-the-book indexing.17BrownIndexCatalog27 3IndexSecondary Index25""" 3IndexPrimary Index19  3Original CatalogingCataloging and classification done by an individual institution, including deciding on the method used (i.e. making up its own codes).4Green (670G)IndexA bibliographic tool that provided access to the analyzed contents of information packages (e.g., articles in a journal, short storied in a collection, etc.) Back-of-the-book indexes provide access to the analyzed contents of one work.21Taylor IndexAny file that facilitates access to the records or entities in a second or main file.23Brownohhdd Inclusive searchingAn inclusive search looks for a concept and all its narrower concepts.17Soergel (FW)uggccHypertextDocument in which words, pictures, references, and the like, may be linked to other locations or documents so that clicking on one of the links takes a person to related information.TaylorHypertextA computer-based text retrieval system that enables a user to access particular locations in web pages or other electronic documents by clicking on links within specific web pages or documents; the basic idea behind World Wide Web pages.BrownHypertext Markup LanguageA scheme for encoding text, pictures, and the like, so that they can be displayed using various programs because the coding is totally made up of ASCII text.12bTaylor!!~Hypertext Markup LanguageHTML12b,,,'''!'}HomonymOne term with multiple meanings.15Brown<5511|HierarchyAn arrangement by which categories are grouped in such a way that a concept (e.g., class or discipline) is subdivided into subconcepts of an equal level of specificity, each of those subconcepts are further subdivided into subcategories, and so on.17Taylor  {HierarchyA series in which each element is graded or ranked.17BrownQJJFFzHierarchical inheritanceUsing hierarchy to store information in common to many specific cases once and for all under a superordinate case. When that information is needed for a specific case, the system looks under the superordinate case; specific cases  inherit the information9Soergel (FW)7))'' yHierarchical inheritanceThe preservation of attributes in entities within a hierarchy.9Brownibb`` xHierarchical classificationTaxonomy----###wHierarchical classificationA subject concept arrangement system that follows the classical theory of categorization, creating categories from general to specificTaylor##vHierarchical classificationA classification that attempts to arrange subjects according to a natural order- proceeding from classes to divisions to subdivisions.Brown##uFree-text searchingUncontrolled vocabulary4444tFree-text searchingTo search using terms in titles, abstracts, or full text. Also called natural language searching.BrownsFileA set of records or a set of actual entities; more complicated than a relation.Brownd]]]] rFalloutA measurement of the ability of the system to reject irrelevant documents; a measurement of success in the system. Fallout is computed by dividing the number of irrelevant retrieved documents by all irrelevant documents.6Brown/ A synonym for cataloging data or pointer data; used to describe other data for retrieval and assessment; used in particular with World Wide Web hypertext documents.13aMetadataގ An encoded description of a document; the purpose of metadata is to provide a level of data at which choices can be made as to which documents one wishes to view or search, without having to search massive amounts of irrelevant full text.13aBrownMetadata  Ǐ 13aMetadataPointer data# -$**Y  C  @ p Q,n.WLibrary of Congress Name Authority FileLCNAF666666/Library of Congress Controll NumberLCCN111111+Library of Congress Classification.Classification scheme that divides the world of knowledge hierarchically into categories using the letters of the alphabet and then using numerals for further subdivisions. LCC is basically an enumerative scheme, allowing only a limited amount of facetingTaylor4,,,,++Library of Congress ClassificationLCC//////*Key Word out of ContextKWOC%%%%%%Key Word in ContextKWIC!!!!!!Known-item searchA search for an item the searcher knows to exist, perhaps using an ISMN or other identifying number.1Green (670G) Intrerpretation MCSKeyword IndexingIndexing entries from significant words from a title or a text.Brown`YYYYKnowledge-based systemExpert System----KeyPrimary Key KeyCandidate Key KeyA combination of one or more fields that are used for searchingBrownSLLLL International Standard Serial NumberA number that is accepted as an international standard for a unique number for a serial.Taylor,,International Standard Serial NumberISSN222222,International Standard Book NumberA number that is accepted as an international standard for a unique number for a monographic item.Taylor**International Standard Book NumberISBN000000*International Standard Bibliographic DescriptionA standard that was designed to facilitate the international exchange of cataloging records by standardizing the elements to be used in the description, assigning an order to these elements, and specifying a system of symbols to be used in punctuation.4Taylor@866688International Standard Bibliographic DescriptorISBD4??====7GInformation Storage and Retrieval SystemISAR6666660Input recordA form that allows a system operator to give information to the information system8BrownqjjhhInformative abstractIndicative abstract1637751sInformative abstractAbstract163,,*&sInformative abstractAn abstract containing pointer data as well as some of the substantive data given in the document or generalized information that can be derived from the document.163BrownInheritanceThe attributes and relationship between similar objectsBrownSLLLLInformation retrievalGaining access to stored data for the purpose of becoming informedBrownhaaaaIndicative abstractInformative abstract1637751sIndicative abstractAbstract163++)%sIndicative abstractAn abstract that merely indicates what the document is about or is relevant for; pointer data.163Brown{{Index languageDescriptors17'''#3Index languageSubject descriptor17...*3Index languageA rule-based means for choosing and structuring terms, either controlled or non-controlled, that can assist in providing access to an information package.17TaylorIndex languageA list of all subject descriptors17BrownD==99IndexingCataloging17 3IndexingDescriptive indexing17***&3IndexingSubject indexing17&&&"3IndexingThe process of creating surrogate records, especially the access points, for information packages; such work done in commercial enterprises is often called indexing.17TaylorƏ NAFNational Authority File$$  NISONational Information Standards Organization99 " A corporate body that oversees the creation and approval of standards to be used in information processing; an American counterpart to ISO.TaylorNational Information Standards Organization NL NLP10b, 11aNatural Language Processing22 {X] " R e ' > 8]2q3l:Online Computer Library CenterOCLC4 Supplement::,,,,&GObjective AnalysisA form of subject analysis in which main concepts are identified by counting textual references to them. BrownNarrower termA term one level down from the term being considered in a listing where terms for subject concepts have been conceived in relationships that are hierarchicaltutTaylorNarrower termNTtut'Narrower topicused in hierarchies to designate a narrower concept than the current concepttutBrownpiiddNarrower topicNTtut'Numeric databaseSubstantive database....Numeric databaseA substantive data base containing numbers about entities and entity relationshipsBrownsllllNonbibliographic databasedatabase++++!!!Nonbibliographic databasebibliographic database9999!!!Nonbibliographic databaseAny database in which documents are not the main entity.Brownb[[[[!!Natural Language ProcessingComputer analysis of written or spoken language in order to interpret meaning in a way that can allow the computer to  understand and  respond. 10b, 11aTaylor##Natural Language ProcessingNLP10b, 11a222(((#'National Information Standards OrganizationA corporate body that oversees the creation and approval of standards to be used in information processing; an American counterpart to ISO.Taylor33National Information Standards OrganizationNISO9999993National Authority FileNAF$$$$$$Metadatadata13a3MetadataPointer data13a###3MetadataAn encoded description of a document; the purpose of metadata is to provide a level of data at which choices can be made as to which documents one wishes to view or search, without having to search massive amounts of irrelevant full text.13aBrown MetadataA synonym for cataloging data or pointer data; used to describe other data for retrieval and assessment; used in particular with World Wide Web hypertext documents.13a+Machine-Readable CatalogingA standard prescribing codes that precede and identify specific elements of a catalog record, allowing the record to be  read by machine and thus displayed in a fashion to make the record intelligible to users.4Taylor##Machine-Readable CatalogingMARC4++))))#GLiterary warrantThe concept that new notations are created for classification scheme and new terms are added to a controlled vocabulary only when information packages actually exist about new concepts.BrownLiterary warrantThe selection of concepts for a subject heading list, thesaurus, or classification in response to the concepts represented in a specific set of documents. BrownLead-in termLead-in vocabulary((((Lead-in termAny term or other symbol for which a relationship to a descriptor is established so that a user looking under the term is led to the descriptor.BrownLead-in vocabularyLead-in term((((Lead-in vocabularyA list of all lead-in termsBrown>7777Library of Congress Subject HeadindsA list of terms to be used as controlled vocabulary for subject headings created by the Library of Congress and used by any agency that wishes to provide controlled subject access to surrogate records.Taylor,,Library of Congress Subject HeadingsLCSH222222,1q>    = z] OY aRecallA measure of the degree to which the search retrieval all that a perfect search would have retrieved61Green (670G)xvttRecallA measurement of the ability of a system to retrieve relevant documents; a measurement of success in a system. Recall is computed by dividing the number of relevant retrieved documents by the number of all relevant documents.61BrownResource Description FrameworkAn infrastructure that enables the encoding, exchange, and processing of the metadata.13aTaylor~~&&Resource Description FrameworkRDF13a000+++&'radial categoryA category for which there exists a prototype and any objects or examples that are not very close to the prototype are more distant because of the absence of one or more well-defined features.3-4Soergel (FW)query statementA description of the need or request in ordinary language.5Brown\UUSSquery formulationA precise, formal definition of the request described informally in the query statement.5Brpwn|uussquerysearch request5 3queryquery formulation5""" 3queryquery statement5  3queryThe topic of the search request, perhaps qualified by formal criteria; a statement of a need.5Brownunnll problem-oriented indexingrequest-oriented indexing16@@@<!!!3primary keyA key whose value rarely or never changes, is also a candidate key, and can be used to uniquely reference the record.Brownprimary indexAn index based on the primary key by which the entities are arranged. (Brownf____pre-coordinate indexingThe assigning of subject terms to surrogate records in such a way that some concepts are put together in subject strings and searcher of the system do not have to coordinate these particular terms themselves.19Taylorpre-combination indexingThe combination of subject terms at the time of indexing for use in the retrieval of materials on complex concepts.19Brown PrecisionA measure of the degree to which the search retrieved only what a perfect search would have retrieved.61Green (670G)}{yyPrecisionA measurement of the combined effect of three factors on a system: 1) # of relevant documents; 2) recall of the system; and 3) discrimination of the system. Precision is computed by dividing the # of relevant retrieved by all retrieved documents.61Brown   port-coordinate indexingThe assigning of single concepts terms from a controlled vocabulary to surrogate records so that the searcher of the system is required to coordinate the terms through such techniques as Boolean Searching.19Taylor post-combination indexingThe grouping of a large number of entries under simple concepts in such a way that the user can combine them to locate material on compound subjects.19Brown!!Pointer datametadata13b###3polyhierarchyA hierarchy in which a concept may have more than one broader concept.Brownd]]]]ParsingThe process of diagraming a sentence. Commonly used to indicate that the process is completed by a computer program.10b, 11aBrownOpen entryinput record Open entryrecordOpen entryA part of the descriptive indexing not completed at the time of indexing; used for uncompleted works.BrownyyyyOnline Computer Library CenterA bibliographic network, based in Dublin, Ohio, that is the largest and most comprehensive bibliographic network in the world.4 SupplementTaylor&&k${In<y r H m p D  c6Ikxm Substantive datadirectional data**** Substantive dataData used in deriving a solution to a problem at hand.10bBrown\UUUPSubject retrievalRetrieval based on concepts or subjects.BrownJCCCCSubject indexingindexing""""Subject indexingThe process of determining the aboutness of an information package and determining appropriate subject terminology to express the aboutness in an indexing language.TaylorSubject indexingAssigning subject descriptors to an entity, or to establish a relationship between an entity and appropriate subjects.BrownStatementAn association between two or more entities in which each entity has a given role.BrownleeeeSubject searchA search for items related to a specific topic1Green (670G) MCS interpretdHFFFSubject descriptorindex language****Subject descriptiondesciptor&&&&Subject descriptorAn identifier for a subject or a concept that can be used in retrieval.BrownjccccStandard Generalized Markup LanguageAn international standard for document markup for machine readability.12bTayloryytt,,Standard Generalized Markup LanguageSGML12b777222,'Semantic factoringThe conceptual breakdown of compound concepts according to their meanings17BrownpiieeSecondary Indexprimary index&&&&Secondary IndexindexSecondary IndexAn index used for quick access by additional sets or descriptors.BrownaZZZZSearch requestquerySearch requestA request for information or entities useful for solving a problem or relating a topic.BrownvooooSchemaA document of piece of code that controls a set of terms in another document or piece of code; similar in function to a master checklist.5TaylorRelated TermRTRelated TopicRTRelated TermA term at the same level of specificity or bearing a non-hierarchical relationship to another term in a listing where terms for subject concepts have been conceived in relationships that are hierarchical.TaylorRelated Topicused in hierarchies to designate a concept that is similar to the current concept.Brownpiiiirequest-oriented indexingAn approach to indexing that starts from an anticipated problem, queries, and establishes relationships between entities with a view to these anticipated queries.16Brown!!RelevanceThe applicability of the data retrieved to the need of the searcher.61Brownb[YWWRelationTupleRelationFileRelationA format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.A format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.BrownjRecord formatA format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.8BrownxqqoOutput recordinput record8%%%#3Output recordrecord83Output recordThe record assembled by the system that contains information about an entity in a format easily understood by the user.8BrownRecordinput record83Recordoutput record83RecordAn assembly of information about a given entity, such as an event, person, or a document.8Brownrkkii Co Computer analysis of written or spoken language in order to interpret meaning in a way that can allow the computer to  understand and  respond. 10b, 11aTaylorNatural Language Processingx Any database in which documents are not the main entity.BrownNonbibliographic databasebbG@@@jp5 D | M 6=N.k#eXtensible Markup LanguageA subset of SGML, designed specifically for Web documents, that omits some features of SGML and includes a few additional features; it allows designers to create their own customized tags, thus over-coming many of the limitations of HTML.12bTaylor"""eXtensible Markup LanguageXML12b,,,'''"'!Uniform Resource LocatorA form of URI; the address of a document on the Internet; it indicates what protocol to use (e.g.,  http,  telnet ) and then gives the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located: most often server address, directory path, and file name.13b,14Taylor=55--  Uniform Resource Locatoran identification scheme for physical volume or storage locatio13b,14Brownpiiaa Uniform Resource LocatorURL13b,14---%%% 'Uniform Resource IdentifierA way (such as the use of a name or number) used on the Web to identify things such as people, corporations, books, abstract concepts, or network-accessible things; not limited to things that have network locations.13b, 14Taylor ##Uniform Resource Identifieran identification scheme for documents that may be used regardless of storage location of document.13b, 14Brown##Uniform Resource IdentifierURI13b, 14111(((#'uncontrolled vocabularycontrolled vocabulary6666uncontrolled vocabularyfree-text searching4444uncontrolled vocabularyA data base that uses free-text searching, or allows searching by terms or groups of terms in titles, abstracts, or full text.BrownTypologyA list of typesBrown(!!!!TupleA data object containing two or more components. Also called a pair or set.Brownb[[[[ truncationUsing the root word with a truncation symbol to find all instances of the root word and the root word with alternate endings.BrownThesaurusA list of authorized controlled vocabulary terms representing single concepts together with any references, scope notes, and subdivisions associated with each term, and organized so that the relationships between concepts are made explicit.Taylor ThesaurusA list of both the index language and lead-in vocabulary; a broader sense of the thesaurus can also be established for other types of entities.Brownterminological controlThe management of terms in searching by restricting the user to a controlled vocabulary.BrownxxxxText Encoding InitiativeBoth the corporate organization with that name and to the encoding standard created by that group. The encoding standard was originally intended for the encoding of literary texts, although it has expanded to be used for other types of text.Taylor Text Encoding Initiativea metadata scheme. A comprehensive standard for describing texts in electronic formBrown}vvvv Text Encoding InitiativeTEI%%%%%% TaxonomyA classification, usually in a restricted subject field, that is arranged to show presumed natural relationshipsTaylorSynonymA term with the same meaning as another term; often, in controlled vocabularies, used for a term that has nearly the same meaning as well as for a term that has the same meaning.15Taylor SynonymA term that designates the same concept or meaning as another term.15Brown_XXTT Substantive data basedata base(((( Substantive data baseA data base that delivers custom packages of substantive data for most search requests.Brown}vvvvIg 1 H$49;Choice of entryDeciding under what element types access should be provided.6Green (670G)eWUUU:Sequential scanningBrowsing6''%%S9Browsingstrategy for locating descriptions in which the descriptions are presented in a meaningless order and the searcher sequentially scans description after description looking for materials of interest.6Green (670G)8Attributea descriptive value/property associated with an entity or relationship class.3-45Green (670G)uge``7Weak entity classentity class5))''S6Weak entity classdepends (in a technical sense) on its relationship to other entity classes for unique identifications, those other classes being its owners.5Green (670G)5Regular entity classentity class5,,**S4Regular entity classa class whose members can be uniquely identified by the values of their own (key) attributes.5Green (670G)}{{{3Conceptual Schemaa visual outline of entities and relationships with their attributes.85Green (670G)rdb``2RelationshipRelationship: an association between two or more participants, where each participant is an entity class. Those involving two participants are called binary relationships; those involving more than two are called n-nary relationships.5Green (670G)1Entity classa set or type of similar or identical entities. Entity classes can enter into relationships.3-45Green (670G)zxss0Entitya fundamental thing of interest in the domain. Examples of entities are persons, places, objects, concepts, and events. Entities may be real or imaginary, concrete or abstract.3-45Green (670G)/Entity-relationship modelingrecognizes entity classes and relationships as basic components of a data model. Uses information requirements to determine some appropriate logical structure for a database that can respond to underlying user needs.15Green (670G)$$.Entity-relationship modelingE-R15--+)))$g-Machine-Readable Catalogingan integrated format in which bibliographic data can be exchanged electronically.Green (670G)vvvv##,International Standard Bibliographic DescriptorA standard format for bibliographic description. It defines three major aspects of bibliographic description: content, arrangement, and punctuation.4Green (670G)77+Text Summarizationuses a variety of text analytic techniques to uncover the meaning of the text (which is captured in some knowledge representation formalism) and then uses text generation techniques to produce sentences that capture the overall meaning of the text.3Green (670G)$*Automatic Abstractingoften takes the form of generating an extract of those sentences which, because of their position in the document and because of the words used in them, have the best chance summarizing the document.163Green (670G))Structured Abstractincludes labeled sections and are often filled in by quasi-controlled vocabulary.3Green (670G)~pnnn(Critical Abstractevaluates the original document.3Green (670G)K=;;;'Informative Abstractrepeats actual data and conclusions from the original.163Green (670G)hZXTT&Indicative abstractindicates what is in the original without repeating its substance163Green (670G)rdb^^%database systemSystem that uses data/information that are linked directly to the objects or entities to be retrieved1~~+$Knowledge RepresentationThe expression of knowledge through a symbol system.1, 3-4Soergel (670S)n^^VV  Nonbibliographic databasebibliographic database9! Nonbibliographic databasedatabase+!` y ' O )~~'QsTLiterary warrantthe subjects recognized are warranted/justified by their existence in literature being catalogued rather than having only a theoretical justification.8Green (670G)SSyntagmatic relationshipThe relationship between components of a composite structure.8Green (670G)oa___ RSyntacticPertaining to grammar in language10b8Green (670G)I;944QSynthetic structureThe cross-reference structure between terms in an index language8Green (670G)m_]]]PSemanticPertaining to meaning in language8Green (670G)C5333OLexicalPertaining to the word stock or vocabulary of a language8Green (670G)YKIIINLexemeThe basic word unit of a language8Green (670G)A3111MParadigmatic relationshipThe relationship between two components that are interchangeable in some context.8Green (670G)vttt!!LControlled vocabularyA special language consisting of authorized descriptors.8Green (670G)gYWWWKVocabulary controlAuthority control as applied to entities other than named and titles. Controlled vocabulary (defined again): A special language consisting of authorized descriptors.158Green (670G)JUniform titleBring together under one heading the various manifestations of a work, regardless of how many titles it has appeared under.7Green (670G)IDirect entryEntry element used for a corporate body unless the name of the body implies subordination; it should be entered under the first word of the choice of form of name established.7Green (670G)HSuccessive entryRelated entries which convey the changing names of corporate bodies, providing access under multiple versions.7Green (670G)GAuthority controlVocabulary control applied to names.7Green (670G)OA???FAuthority fileA file that indicates the choices made about names, form of name and entry element, which would include the established heading, sources used, tracings for see and see also references, and if needed, explanation.7Green (670G)EReferencePoints users from one form of a name or term to another entry in an ISAR system under the preferred controlled vocabulary term.7Green (670G)DAlphabetic-classed catalogA catalog using aspects of both classified and alphabetical catalogs by inverting the natural language headings to bring together related topics.6Green (670G)""CAlphabetical catalogA catalog in which catalog entries are physically organized by the subject headings assigned to them.6Green (670G)BClassified catalogA catalog physically ordered by a subject notation, so called because the order in the catalog is the order of classes in the classification scheme.6Green (670G)ADivided catalogMultiple catalogs each of which serves some subset of the full set of access points, in a system where several different types of access points are provided.6Green (670G)@SpecificityThe level of detail in a record in an ISAR system20a6Green (670G)[MKFF?Controlled vocabularyAn artificial language in which there is typically a one-to-one correspondence between concepts and authorized access point.6Green (670G)>Natural LanguageLanguage as human speakers use it.10b, 11a6Green (670G)VHF<<=ExhaustivityThe number of access points to a record provided by an ISAR system.20a6Green (670G)n`^YY<Form of entryDefining exactly how access points should be expressed.6Green (670G)^PNNNpJp   - kDocument-oriented approachApproach to subject representation in which it is assumed that subjecthood is inherent in documents.12Green (670G)""jUser-needs-oriented approactrequest-oriented approach12Green (670G)QC??$$$iRequest-oriented approachApproach to subject representation in which significant characteristics of the subject analysis may differ by user group, by specific goals, etc., and may vary over time.1612Green (670G)!!hSubject analysisThe process of identifying the major subject(s) of a work and corresponding in part to the process of making choice of entry decisions for subject matter.12Green (670G)gBooksmaterial units, units of publication12Green (670G)E7333 fWorksintellectual units or units of creation as opposed to books12Green (670G)\NJJJ eSubjectThe content of knowledge and information sources, seen as works12Green (670G)bTPPPdBasic levelLevel usually in the middle of most hierarchies which is what we call things, the level that children first learn, often the level with the shortest name, etc.3-411Green (670G)cFamily resemblance theoryTheory based on the notion that the members of some classes bear only family resemblance to one another, which means that there is no single set of necessary and sufficient properties that defines the whole class.11Green (670G) !!bPrototype theoryA theory which holds that some subclasses are considered better examples of a class than others11Green (670G)}yyyaFuzzy logicA theory that looks at the fact that certain properties are not dichotomous11Green (670G)rd````Objectivist categorizationThe philosophy of classification that has dominated Western culture, using classes, entities, properties, and relationships. Also called Aristotelian classification and classical classification3-411Green (670G)""_Semantic factoringThe breaking down of subjects into their component parts1710Green (670G)j\XTT^Analytico-synthetic systemClassification scheme which tries to isolate the foci of the various facets and them gives general rules for how they can be put together, one in which complex systems are formed through post-coordination.10Green (670G)""]Enumerative schemeClassification scheme which tries to enumerate all the permissible combinations, one in which complex subjects are pre-coordinated.10Green (670G)\Citation orderThe order in which various characteristics of division are applied10Green (670G)l^ZZZ[FacetThe sum of all isolates formed by a characteristic of division.17, tut10Green (670G)i[WNN ZFocusIsolate10Green (670G)( YIsolateEach individual option in an ideally exhaustive list of ideally mutually exclusive properties for a characteristic of division.10Green (670G)XCharacteristics of divisionA series of property types into which (theoretically) the universe of knowledge can be organized in successive stages of classes and subclasses.10Green (670G)##WPostcoordiateAn index language in which elemental concepts are not combined until the searching stage.199Green (670G)wuqqVPrecoordiateAn index language in which elemental concepts are combined at the indexing stage.199Green (670G){mkggUThematic relationshipsThe semantic relationship between a verb and its various [nominal] arguments.9Green (670G)}ommmgw A substantive data base containing numbers about entities and entity relationshipsBrownNumeric databasessaZZZ Numeric databaseSubstantive database. Y  4 aaV-8sKFrameslot3 3SlotA category of information within a frame, which holds the information about the subject area.3Jonassen et al}mmkk FrameA generic, content-dependent orgainzational structure, which provides a general outline for examining a discipline's structure3Jonassen et al FrameA data structure for organizing stereotypical events or situations3Minski, from Jonassen et alpSSQQ NeighborhoodAny group of objects, particularly a group identified through relationships or links with one or more other objects or neighborhoods, together with the relationships that link them7Soergel (integrated)Inductive logicinferences go from the specific to the general16Green (670G)YKGGG~Deductive logicinferences go from the general to the specific16Green (670G)YKGGG}Knowledge representationRefers especially to how the contents of a knowledge base are expressed with an eye to how this will support the intelligent manipulation of the knowledge.16Green (670G) |Stop wordsThose words that occur most frequently across the entire document collection and are relatively evenly distributed, e.g. the, of, and, to, a, in, that, is, was, for, it, he, as, with, be, on, his, at, by . . .15Green (670G){Intertextual structureEstablishes links between texts.14Green (670G)RD@@@zText typeA genre of text, sharing characteristics, e.g., descriptive, narrative, etc.10a14Green (670G)vhd__yMacro-level text structureStructures that define certain text genres or text types.14Green (670G)oa]]]""xIntratextual structureThe structure specific and internal to an individual text, mirco-level.14Green (670G)ykgggwDiscourse analysisThe study of cohesion and structure in larger text.14Green (670G)aSOOOvPragmaticsThe study of the relation between linguistic expressions and their use(r)s, or in other words, between sentences and the environments in which they occur.14Green (670G)uSemanticsThe study of meanings, both of individual lexical units and of larger constituent structures.1714Green (670G)xtpptSyntaxThe study of the way in which linguistic elements (esp. words) are put together to form constituents (esp. phrases or clauses)14Green (670G)sMorphologyThe study and description of word formation/word-forming elements and processes.14Green (670G)vhdddrPhonologyStudy of the description of systems and patterns of sounds occurring in a language.14Green (670G)xjfffqPhoneticsThe study and systematic classifications of the sounds made in spoken utterance.14Green (670G)ugcccpCutter numberthe most prevalent type of book numbers, assigned from tables which assume that it is desirable to subarrange items within a class by the surname of the author.13Green (670G)oBook numberIn a system in which the classification scheme is supplemented by a supplemental scheme on subarranging the books within the class, this refers to the number assigned by the supplemental system13Green (670G)nClass numberIn a system in which the classification scheme is supplemented by a supplemental scheme on subarranging the books within the class, this refers to the number assigned by the classification system.13Green (670G)mCall numberThe class number followed by the book number.13Green (670G)TFBBBlExpressive notationnotation in which hierarchical relationships between subjects are generally reflected in the notation13Green (670G)djc ' | }U"p\Weights/Weighing20a#PolysemyThe same word has several meanings that can all be traced to a common core of meaning15Soergel (670S){kkggHomonymyTwo different words or phrases have the same spelling or the same pronunciation15Soergel (670S)ueeaaHyponymyThe relationship that defines hierarchy. Terms are hyponyms if term A designates concept A', term B designates concept B', and B' is more specific than A'15Soergel (670S)AntonynmyTwo terms designate opposite concepts, either at the end of a scale (light and dark) or exclusive categories (male and female)15Soergel (670S)SynonymyTwo terms designate the same concept. True synonyms can be used interchangably in sentences without changing the meaning15Soergel (670S)EntryAn element, such as author name, title, series title, or subject descriptor under which a document can be found in a catalog or index14bSoergel (670S) Union catalogA catalog that refers to objects in multiple collections13bSoergel (670S)dTTOOCohesion10a#Coherence10a#DocumentAny presentation of information, as written or spoken text, still or moving image, or music or sound, in any medium, print, computer screen, TV, radio, etc.10aSoergel (670S)Input recordoutput record####Input recordrecord83Elemental conceptA concept that cannot be broken up futher into components that jointly define the meaning of the concept17Soergel (FW)Preferred termA term chosen to designate a concept from among several synanyms in a controlled vocabulary system.Soergel (FW){{{{Subject headingA specil kind of controlled subject descriptor, often created by the editor of a subject heading list, such as LCSH, and designed for card catalogs or printed catalogs.Soergel (FW)DescriptorIn subject retrieval, a concept (or the word or phrase designating that concept) included in the controlled vocabulary of a system and therefore available for search in that system.Soergel (FW)Entity identifierA string or number that defines an entity value3-4Soergel (FW)]OOJJEntity typeBased on intrinsic, permanent characteristics rather than temporary roles an actual entity plays in a context1Soergel (FW)Binary relationshipA relationship that relates two entities, it cam be used as a link (as on the Web) to navigate from one entity to another, fram a person to a document authored by that person, etc.Soergel (FW)SlotAn individual piece of information about the subject of a frame3Soergel (FW)]OOMM FrameThe mechanism for storing knowledge in many expert systems and other artificial intelligence systems3Soergel (FW)uuss                                                                                                                ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q rstuvwxyz{ | } ~        !"#                ! " #         !"#$%&'()*+,- . / 0 1 23456789:;< = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U!V!W!X!Y!Z![!\!]!^! _! `! a! b! c!d!e!f!g!h!i!j!k!l$m$n$o$p$q$r$s$t$u$ v$ w$ x$ y$ z${$|$}$~$$$$$$$%%%%%%%%%% % % % % %%%%%%%%      !"#$%&'()*+,- . / 0 1 23456789:;< = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U!V!W!X!Y!Z![!\!]!^! _! `! a! b! c!d!e!f!g!h!i!j!k!l$m$n$o$p$q$r$s$t$u$ v$ w$ x$ y$ z${$|$}$~$$$$$$$%%%%%%%%%% % % %                                                                                                                ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q rstuvwxyz{ | } ~        !"#                ! " #         !"#$%&'()*+,- . / 0 1 23456789:;< = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U!V!W!X!Y!Z![!\!]!^! _! `! a! b! c!d!e!f!g!h!i!j!k!l$m$n$o$p$q$r$s$t$u$ v$ w$ x$ y$ z${$|$}$~$$$$$$$%%%%%%%%%% % % % % %%%%%%%%      !"#$%&'()*+,- . / 0 1 23456789:;< = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U!V!W!X!Y!Z![!\!]!^! _! `! a! b! c!d!e!f!g!h!i!j!k!l$m$n$o$p$q$r$s$t$u$ v$ w$ x$ y$ z${$|$}$~$$$$$$$%%%%%%%%%% % % % S Y"N))Y  Y Y  Y  Y  Y Id LValueObjectGuidObjectNameProperty Value)*),)-YYYId$ObjectGuidProperty$ObjectNameProperty)Hv1b  (M] A form of subject analysis in which main concepts are identified by counting textual references to them. BrownObjective Analysisyrrr ( (Zj A part of the descriptive indexing not completed at the time of indexing; used for uncompleted works.BrownOpen entrytmmmЏ Open entryrecordʏ Open entryinput record CS The process of diagraming a sentence. Commonly used to indicate that the process is completed by a computer program.10b, 11aBrownParsing} LVAL{tmf_XQJC<5.'  xqjc\UNG@92+$ | u n g ` Y R K D = 6 / ( !    y r k d ] V O H A : 3 , %     } v o h a Z S L E > 7 0 ) "    z s l e ^ W P I B ; 4 - &     ~ w p i b [ T M F ? 8 1 * #     {tmf_XQJC<5.'  xqjc\UNG@92+$|ung`YRKD=6/(! yrkd]VOHA:3,% #(((((3333333 3 3 3 3 33333333322222222222 2 2 2 2 222222222//////MR2VValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUIDRowHeightDefaultViewSmartTagsIMEModeIMESentenceMode     UF{ ej4@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLect # DS7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSect # RGtCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej   " Glossary.Term Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation G      m  ÒE|̄3  Definition X      m  ?ɏC"r.  Lect # DS       m  7⦥K#  Sect # RG t      m  7/vM7(ݷ   Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥ  Term 2      m  {xTI;D(  See Also       m  J=4BV  v A hierarchy in which a concept may have more than one broader concept.BrownpolyhierarchyddUNNNǏ 13bPointer datametadata# @LVALPNMR2VValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUIDRowHeightDefaultViewSmartTagsIMEModeIMESentenceMode     UF{ ejG<4@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLect # DS7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSect # RGtCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej   " Glossary.Term Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation G      m  ÒE|̄3  Definition X      m  ?ɏC"r.  Lect # DS       m  7⦥K#  Sect # RG t      m  7/vM7(ݷ   Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥ  Term 2      m  {xTI;D(  See Also       m  J=4BV   LVALMR2VValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUIDRowHeightDefaultViewSmartTagsIMEModeIMESentenceMode  > 6 UF{ ejz@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionJ=4BV F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLect # DS7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSect # RGtCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource  F{ ej    Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation G      m  ÒE|̄3  Definition X      m  ?ɏC"r.  Lect # DS       m  7⦥K#  Sect # RG t      m  7/vM7(ݷ   Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥ  Term 2      m  {xTI;D(  See Also       m  J=4BV  LVALMR2BOrientationOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescriptionDecimalPlacesDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUIDValidationRuleValidationText FilterOrderByDefaultView FormatInputMaskCaptionSmartTagsIMEModeIMESentenceMode  p h U xB@ _ K[@\q\670\Glossary+̬bENb(a xB@ _NumberGSadE<#Z xB@ _Term܄"cB@n  xB@ _Abbrevation)wHx xB@ _DefinitionP H>a2r xB@ _See Also*edFJ9<& xB@ _Lecture # (Soergel)0g@9!R3 xB@ _Section # (Green)FP+T xB@ _Source    xB@ _ Number    Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key   0    m +̬bENb(aAbbrevation G        m   ܄"cB@n  Definition         m   )wHx  ,&Lecture # (Soergel)         m   *edFJ9<&  ("Section # (Green) t        m   0g@9!R3   Source         m   FP+T  Term 2        m   GSadE<#Z  See Also         m   P H>a2r  .LVAL> NʾGlossaryCreate query in Design viewCreate form in Design viewCreate report in Design viewCreate data access page in Design view^ LVALʾGlossaryossaryCreate query in Design viewCreate form in Design viewCreate report in Design viewCreate data access page in Design view^>N The combination of subject terms at the time of indexing for use in the retrieval of materials on complex concepts.Brownpre-combination indexing{{{ The assigning of subject terms to surrogate records in such a way that some concepts are put together in subject strings and searcher of the system do not have to coordinate these particular terms themselves.Taylorpre-coordinate indexingt An index based on the primary key by which the entities are arranged. (Brownprimary indexffWPPPIY A key whose value rarely or never changes, is also a candidate key, and can be used to uniquely reference the record.Brownprimary key}}} problem-oriented indexingrequest-oriented indexing<!gw The topic of the search request, perhaps qualified by formal criteria; a statement of a need.Brownqueryssleeejp5 D | M 6=N.k#eXtensible Markup LanguageA subset of SGML, designed specifically for Web documents, that omits some features of SGML and includes a few additional features; it allows designers to create their own customized tags, thus over-coming many of the limitations of HTML.12bTaylor"""eXtensible Markup LanguageXML12b,,,'''"'!Uniform Resource LocatorA form of URI; the address of a document on the Internet; it indicates what protocol to use (e.g.,  http,  telnet ) and then gives the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located: most often server address, directory path, and file name.13b,14Taylor=55--  Uniform Resource Locatoran identification scheme for physical volume or storage locatio13b,14Brownpiiaa Uniform Resource LocatorURL13b,14---%%% 'Uniform Resource IdentifierA way (such as the use of a name or number) used on the Web to identify things such as people, corporations, books, abstract concepts, or network-accessible things; not limited to things that have network locations.13b, 14Taylor ##Uniform Resource Identifieran identification scheme for documents that may be used regardless of storage location of document.13b, 14Brown##Uniform Resource IdentifierURI13b, 14111(((#'uncontrolled vocabularycontrolled vocabulary6666uncontrolled vocabularyfree-text searching4444uncontrolled vocabularyA data base that uses free-text searching, or allows searching by terms or groups of terms in titles, abstracts, or full text.BrownTypologyA list of typesBrown(!!!!TupleA data object containing two or more components. Also called a pair or set.Brownb[[[[ truncationUsing the root word with a truncation symbol to find all instances of the root word and the root word with alternate endings.BrownThesaurusA list of authorized controlled vocabulary terms representing single concepts together with any references, scope notes, and subdivisions associated with each term, and organized so that the relationships between concepts are made explicit.Taylor ThesaurusA list of both the index language and lead-in vocabulary; a broader sense of the thesaurus can also be established for other types of entities.Brownterminological controlThe management of terms in searching by restricting the user to a controlled vocabulary.BrownxxxxText Encoding InitiativeBoth the corporate organization with that name and to the encoding standard created by that group. The encoding standard was originally intended for the encoding of literary texts, although it has expanded to be used for other types of text.Taylor Text Encoding Initiativea metadata scheme. A comprehensive standard for describing texts in electronic formBrown}vvvv Text Encoding InitiativeTEI%%%%%% TaxonomyA classification, usually in a restricted subject field, that is arranged to show presumed natural relationshipsTaylorSynonymA term with the same meaning as another term; often, in controlled vocabularies, used for a term that has nearly the same meaning as well as for a term that has the same meaning.15Taylor SynonymA term that designates the same concept or meaning as another term.15Brown_XXTT Substantive data basedata base(((( Substantive data baseA data base that delivers custom packages of substantive data for most search requests.Brown}vvvvIg 1 H$49;Choice of entryDeciding under what element types access should be provided.6Green (670G)eWUUU:Sequential scanningBrowsing6''%%S9Browsingstrategy for locating descriptions in which the descriptions are presented in a meaningless order and the searcher sequentially scans description after description looking for materials of interest.6Green (670G)8Attributea descriptive value/property associated with an entity or relationship class.3-45Green (670G)uge``7Weak entity classentity class5))''S6Weak entity classdepends (in a technical sense) on its relationship to other entity classes for unique identifications, those other classes being its owners.5Green (670G)5Regular entity classentity class5,,**S4Regular entity classa class whose members can be uniquely identified by the values of their own (key) attributes.5Green (670G)}{{{3Conceptual Schemaa visual outline of entities and relationships with their attributes.85Green (670G)rdb``2RelationshipRelationship: an association between two or more participants, where each participant is an entity class. Those involving two participants are called binary relationships; those involving more than two are called n-nary relationships.5Green (670G)1Entity classa set or type of similar or identical entities. Entity classes can enter into relationships.3-45Green (670G)zxss0Entitya fundamental thing of interest in the domain. Examples of entities are persons, places, objects, concepts, and events. Entities may be real or imaginary, concrete or abstract.3-45Green (670G)/Entity-relationship modelingrecognizes entity classes and relationships as basic components of a data model. Uses information requirements to determine some appropriate logical structure for a database that can respond to underlying user needs.15Green (670G)$$.Entity-relationship modelingE-R15--+)))$g-Machine-Readable Catalogingan integrated format in which bibliographic data can be exchanged electronically.Green (670G)vvvv##,International Standard Bibliographic DescriptorA standard format for bibliographic description. It defines three major aspects of bibliographic description: content, arrangement, and punctuation.4Green (670G)77+Text Summarizationuses a variety of text analytic techniques to uncover the meaning of the text (which is captured in some knowledge representation formalism) and then uses text generation techniques to produce sentences that capture the overall meaning of the text.3Green (670G)$*Automatic Abstractingoften takes the form of generating an extract of those sentences which, because of their position in the document and because of the words used in them, have the best chance summarizing the document.163Green (670G))Structured Abstractincludes labeled sections and are often filled in by quasi-controlled vocabulary.3Green (670G)~pnnn(Critical Abstractevaluates the original document.3Green (670G)K=;;;'Informative Abstractrepeats actual data and conclusions from the original.163Green (670G)hZXTT&Indicative abstractindicates what is in the original without repeating its substance163Green (670G)rdb^^%database systemSystem that uses data/information that are linked directly to the objects or entities to be retrieved1~~+$Knowledge RepresentationThe expression of knowledge through a symbol system.1, 3-4Soergel (670S)n^^VV ` y ' O )~~'QsTLiterary warrantthe subjects recognized are warranted/justified by their existence in literature being catalogued rather than having only a theoretical justification.8Green (670G)SSyntagmatic relationshipThe relationship between components of a composite structure.8Green (670G)oa___ RSyntacticPertaining to grammar in language10b8Green (670G)I;944QSynthetic structureThe cross-reference structure between terms in an index language8Green (670G)m_]]]PSemanticPertaining to meaning in language8Green (670G)C5333OLexicalPertaining to the word stock or vocabulary of a language8Green (670G)YKIIINLexemeThe basic word unit of a language8Green (670G)A3111MParadigmatic relationshipThe relationship between two components that are interchangeable in some context.8Green (670G)vttt!!LControlled vocabularyA special language consisting of authorized descriptors.8Green (670G)gYWWWKVocabulary controlAuthority control as applied to entities other than named and titles. Controlled vocabulary (defined again): A special language consisting of authorized descriptors.158Green (670G)JUniform titleBring together under one heading the various manifestations of a work, regardless of how many titles it has appeared under.7Green (670G)IDirect entryEntry element used for a corporate body unless the name of the body implies subordination; it should be entered under the first word of the choice of form of name established.7Green (670G)HSuccessive entryRelated entries which convey the changing names of corporate bodies, providing access under multiple versions.7Green (670G)GAuthority controlVocabulary control applied to names.7Green (670G)OA???FAuthority fileA file that indicates the choices made about names, form of name and entry element, which would include the established heading, sources used, tracings for see and see also references, and if needed, explanation.7Green (670G)EReferencePoints users from one form of a name or term to another entry in an ISAR system under the preferred controlled vocabulary term.7Green (670G)DAlphabetic-classed catalogA catalog using aspects of both classified and alphabetical catalogs by inverting the natural language headings to bring together related topics.6Green (670G)""CAlphabetical catalogA catalog in which catalog entries are physically organized by the subject headings assigned to them.6Green (670G)BClassified catalogA catalog physically ordered by a subject notation, so called because the order in the catalog is the order of classes in the classification scheme.6Green (670G)ADivided catalogMultiple catalogs each of which serves some subset of the full set of access points, in a system where several different types of access points are provided.6Green (670G)@SpecificityThe level of detail in a record in an ISAR system20a6Green (670G)[MKFF?Controlled vocabularyAn artificial language in which there is typically a one-to-one correspondence between concepts and authorized access point.6Green (670G)>Natural LanguageLanguage as human speakers use it.10b, 11a6Green (670G)VHF<<=ExhaustivityThe number of access points to a record provided by an ISAR system.20a6Green (670G)n`^YY<Form of entryDefining exactly how access points should be expressed.6Green (670G)^PNNNpJp   - kDocument-oriented approachApproach to subject representation in which it is assumed that subjecthood is inherent in documents.12Green (670G)""jUser-needs-oriented approactrequest-oriented approach12Green (670G)QC??$$$iRequest-oriented approachApproach to subject representation in which significant characteristics of the subject analysis may differ by user group, by specific goals, etc., and may vary over time.1612Green (670G)!!hSubject analysisThe process of identifying the major subject(s) of a work and corresponding in part to the process of making choice of entry decisions for subject matter.12Green (670G)gBooksmaterial units, units of publication12Green (670G)E7333 fWorksintellectual units or units of creation as opposed to books12Green (670G)\NJJJ eSubjectThe content of knowledge and information sources, seen as works12Green (670G)bTPPPdBasic levelLevel usually in the middle of most hierarchies which is what we call things, the level that children first learn, often the level with the shortest name, etc.3-411Green (670G)cFamily resemblance theoryTheory based on the notion that the members of some classes bear only family resemblance to one another, which means that there is no single set of necessary and sufficient properties that defines the whole class.11Green (670G) !!bPrototype theoryA theory which holds that some subclasses are considered better examples of a class than others11Green (670G)}yyyaFuzzy logicA theory that looks at the fact that certain properties are not dichotomous11Green (670G)rd````Objectivist categorizationThe philosophy of classification that has dominated Western culture, using classes, entities, properties, and relationships. Also called Aristotelian classification and classical classification3-411Green (670G)""_Semantic factoringThe breaking down of subjects into their component parts1710Green (670G)j\XTT^Analytico-synthetic systemClassification scheme which tries to isolate the foci of the various facets and them gives general rules for how they can be put together, one in which complex systems are formed through post-coordination.10Green (670G)""]Enumerative schemeClassification scheme which tries to enumerate all the permissible combinations, one in which complex subjects are pre-coordinated.10Green (670G)\Citation orderThe order in which various characteristics of division are applied10Green (670G)l^ZZZ[FacetThe sum of all isolates formed by a characteristic of division.17, tut10Green (670G)i[WNN ZFocusIsolate10Green (670G)( YIsolateEach individual option in an ideally exhaustive list of ideally mutually exclusive properties for a characteristic of division.10Green (670G)XCharacteristics of divisionA series of property types into which (theoretically) the universe of knowledge can be organized in successive stages of classes and subclasses.10Green (670G)##WPostcoordiateAn index language in which elemental concepts are not combined until the searching stage.199Green (670G)wuqqVPrecoordiateAn index language in which elemental concepts are combined at the indexing stage.199Green (670G){mkggUThematic relationshipsThe semantic relationship between a verb and its various [nominal] arguments.9Green (670G)}ommm Y  4 aaV-8sKFrameslot3 3SlotA category of information within a frame, which holds the information about the subject area.3Jonassen et al}mmkk FrameA generic, content-dependent orgainzational structure, which provides a general outline for examining a discipline's structure3Jonassen et al FrameA data structure for organizing stereotypical events or situations3Minski, from Jonassen et alpSSQQ NeighborhoodAny group of objects, particularly a group identified through relationships or links with one or more other objects or neighborhoods, together with the relationships that link them7Soergel (integrated)Inductive logicinferences go from the specific to the general16Green (670G)YKGGG~Deductive logicinferences go from the general to the specific16Green (670G)YKGGG}Knowledge representationRefers especially to how the contents of a knowledge base are expressed with an eye to how this will support the intelligent manipulation of the knowledge.16Green (670G) |Stop wordsThose words that occur most frequently across the entire document collection and are relatively evenly distributed, e.g. the, of, and, to, a, in, that, is, was, for, it, he, as, with, be, on, his, at, by . . .15Green (670G){Intertextual structureEstablishes links between texts.14Green (670G)RD@@@zText typeA genre of text, sharing characteristics, e.g., descriptive, narrative, etc.10a14Green (670G)vhd__yMacro-level text structureStructures that define certain text genres or text types.14Green (670G)oa]]]""xIntratextual structureThe structure specific and internal to an individual text, mirco-level.14Green (670G)ykgggwDiscourse analysisThe study of cohesion and structure in larger text.14Green (670G)aSOOOvPragmaticsThe study of the relation between linguistic expressions and their use(r)s, or in other words, between sentences and the environments in which they occur.14Green (670G)uSemanticsThe study of meanings, both of individual lexical units and of larger constituent structures.1714Green (670G)xtpptSyntaxThe study of the way in which linguistic elements (esp. words) are put together to form constituents (esp. phrases or clauses)14Green (670G)sMorphologyThe study and description of word formation/word-forming elements and processes.14Green (670G)vhdddrPhonologyStudy of the description of systems and patterns of sounds occurring in a language.14Green (670G)xjfffqPhoneticsThe study and systematic classifications of the sounds made in spoken utterance.14Green (670G)ugcccpCutter numberthe most prevalent type of book numbers, assigned from tables which assume that it is desirable to subarrange items within a class by the surname of the author.13Green (670G)oBook numberIn a system in which the classification scheme is supplemented by a supplemental scheme on subarranging the books within the class, this refers to the number assigned by the supplemental system13Green (670G)nClass numberIn a system in which the classification scheme is supplemented by a supplemental scheme on subarranging the books within the class, this refers to the number assigned by the classification system.13Green (670G)mCall numberThe class number followed by the book number.13Green (670G)TFBBBlExpressive notationnotation in which hierarchical relationships between subjects are generally reflected in the notation13Green (670G)djc ' | }U"p\Weights/Weighing20a#PolysemyThe same word has several meanings that can all be traced to a common core of meaning15Soergel (670S){kkggHomonymyTwo different words or phrases have the same spelling or the same pronunciation15Soergel (670S)ueeaaHyponymyThe relationship that defines hierarchy. Terms are hyponyms if term A designates concept A', term B designates concept B', and B' is more specific than A'15Soergel (670S)AntonynmyTwo terms designate opposite concepts, either at the end of a scale (light and dark) or exclusive categories (male and female)15Soergel (670S)SynonymyTwo terms designate the same concept. True synonyms can be used interchangably in sentences without changing the meaning15Soergel (670S)EntryAn element, such as author name, title, series title, or subject descriptor under which a document can be found in a catalog or index14bSoergel (670S) Union catalogA catalog that refers to objects in multiple collections13bSoergel (670S)dTTOOCohesion10a#Coherence10a#DocumentAny presentation of information, as written or spoken text, still or moving image, or music or sound, in any medium, print, computer screen, TV, radio, etc.10aSoergel (670S)Input recordoutput record####Input recordrecord83Elemental conceptA concept that cannot be broken up futher into components that jointly define the meaning of the concept17Soergel (FW)Preferred termA term chosen to designate a concept from among several synanyms in a controlled vocabulary system.Soergel (FW){{{{Subject headingA specil kind of controlled subject descriptor, often created by the editor of a subject heading list, such as LCSH, and designed for card catalogs or printed catalogs.Soergel (FW)DescriptorIn subject retrieval, a concept (or the word or phrase designating that concept) included in the controlled vocabulary of a system and therefore available for search in that system.Soergel (FW)Entity identifierA string or number that defines an entity value3-4Soergel (FW)]OOJJEntity typeBased on intrinsic, permanent characteristics rather than temporary roles an actual entity plays in a context1Soergel (FW)Binary relationshipA relationship that relates two entities, it cam be used as a link (as on the Web) to navigate from one entity to another, fram a person to a document authored by that person, etc.Soergel (FW)SlotAn individual piece of information about the subject of a frame3Soergel (FW)]OOMM FrameThe mechanism for storing knowledge in many expert systems and other artificial intelligence systems3Soergel (FW)uuss  A description of the need or request in ordinary language.query statementSSBBBB A category for which there exists a prototype and any objects or examples that are not very close to the prototype are more distant because of the absence of one or more well-defined features.radial category`p A precise, formal definition of the request described informally in the query statement.Brpwnquery formulationzzg``` A description of the need or request in ordinary language.Brownquery statementZZIBBB A category for which there exists a prototype and any objects or examples that are not very close to the prototype are more distant because of the absence of one or more well-defined features.Soergel (FW)radial category RDF13aResource Description Framework00 O_ An infrastructure that enables the encoding, exchange, and processing of the metadata.13aTaylorResource Description Frameworkkcc^ A measurement of the ability of a system to retrieve relevant documents; a measurement of success in a system. Recall is computed by dividing the number of relevant retrieved documents by the number of all relevant documents.BrownRecallXh A measure of the degree to which the search retrieval all that a perfect search would have retrievedGreen (670G)RecallzlllSc A measure of the degree to which the search retrieved only what a perfect search would have retrieved.Green (670G)Precision|nnnhx An assembly of information about a given entity, such as an event, person, or a document.8BrownRecordrrjccaˏ 8Recordoutput record̏ 8Recordinput recordCS The record assembled by the system that contains information about an entity in a format easily understood by the user.8BrownOutput recordˏ 8Output recordrecordŏ 8Output recordinput record%br 8BrownRecord formatA format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.xiy BrownRelationA format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.q ԏ RelationFileӏ RelationTuple Relevance| The applicability of the data retrieved to the need of the searcher.BrownRelevance^^SLLL An approach to indexing that starts from an anticipated problem, queries, and establishes relationships between entities with a view to these anticipated queries.Brownrequest-oriented indexing RTRelated Topic fv used in hierarchies to designate a concept that is similar to the current concept.BrownRelated TopicppaZZZ Related Term A term at the same level of specificity or bearing a non-hierarchical relationship to another term in a listing where terms for subject concepts have been conceived in relationships that are hierarchical.TaylorRelated Termя RTRelated Topic ҏ RTRelated Term 9I A document of piece of code that controls a set of terms in another document or piece of code; similar in function to a master checklist.TaylorSchemadt A request for information or entities useful for solving a problem or relating a topic.BrownSearch requestvvf___͏ Search requestqueryy An index used for quick access by additional sets or descriptors.BrownSecondary IndexaaPIIȈ Secondary Indexindexď Secondary Indexprimary index&n~ The conceptual breakdown of compound concepts according to their meaningsBrownSemantic factoringllXQQQ Standard Generalized Markup Language,,Yi An international standard for document markup for machine readability.12bTaylorStandard Generalized Markup Language[SSN SGML12bStandard Generalized Markup Language77 p An identifier for a subject or a concept that can be used in retrieval.BrownSubject descriptorjjVOOOď Subject descriptiondesciptor& Subject descriptorindex language*x A search for items related to a specific topicGreen (670G) MCS interpretSubject searchbbR666n~ An association between two or more entities in which each entity has a given role.BrownStatementllaZZZCS Assigning subject descriptors to an entity, or to establish a relationship between an entity and appropriate subjects.BrownSubject indexing~~~$ The process of determining the aboutness of an information package and determining appropriate subject terminology to express the aboutness in an indexing language.TaylorSubject indexingȏ Subject indexingindexing" Retrieval based on concepts or subjects.Subject retrievalCC0000 Retrieval based on concepts or subjects.BrownSubject retrievalJJ7000  Data used in deriving a solution to a problem at hand.BrownSubstantive dataWWE>>> Substantive datadirectional data*]m A data base that delivers custom packages of substantive data for most search requests.BrownSubstantive data base}}f___ Substantive data base Substantive data basedata base( A term that designates the same concept or meaning as another term.BrownSynonym[[RKKK A term with the same meaning as another term; often, in controlled vocabularies, used for a term that has nearly the same meaning as well as for a term that has the same meaning.TaylorSynonym !A form of URI; the address of a document on the Internet; it indicates what protocol to use (e.g.,  http,  telnet ) and then gives the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located: most often server address, directory path, and file name.TaylorUniform Resource Locator55 "eXtensible Markup Language"" LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejCs@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition2JB(H%PJF{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.Number Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  KAKq 7 LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej/v@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionKAKq 7F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m P` A classification, usually in a restricted subject field, that is arranged to show presumed natural relationshipsTaylorTaxonomyxxxŏ TEIText Encoding Initiative%%  Text Encoding Initiative  Text Encoding Initiative ]m a metadata scheme. A comprehensive standard for describing texts in electronic formBrownText Encoding Initiative}}c\\\Ύ Both the corporate organization with that name and to the encoding standard created by that group. The encoding standard was originally intended for the encoding of literary texts, although it has expanded to be used for other types of text.TaylorText Encoding Initiative[k The management of terms in searching by restricting the user to a controlled vocabulary.Brownterminological controlg```1A A list of both the index language and lead-in vocabulary; a broader sense of the thesaurus can also be established for other types of entities.BrownThesaurus A list of authorized controlled vocabulary terms representing single concepts together with any references, scope notes, and subdivisions associated with each term, and organized so that the relationships between concepts are made explicit.Thesaurusߎ A list of authorized controlled vocabulary terms representing single concepts together with any references, scope notes, and subdivisions associated with each term, and organized so that the relationships between concepts are made explicit.TaylorThesaurus  BR Using the root word with a truncation symbol to find all instances of the root word and the root word with alternate endings.Browntruncationx A data object containing two or more components. Also called a pair or set.BrownTuplebb[TTT A list of typesBrownTypology(( uncontrolled vocabulary uncontrolled vocabulary uncontrolled vocabulary4D A data base that uses free-text searching, or allows searching by terms or groups of terms in titles, abstracts, or full text.Brownuncontrolled vocabulary uncontrolled vocabularyfree-text searching4 uncontrolled vocabularycontrolled vocabulary6 Uniform Resource Identifier## Uniform Resource Identifier## Uniform Resource Identifier## URI13b, 14Uniform Resource Identifier11 BR an identification scheme for documents that may be used regardless of storage location of document.13b, 14BrownUniform Resource Identifier{ttkݎ A way (such as the use of a name or number) used on the Web to identify things such as people, corporations, books, abstract concepts, or network-accessible things; not limited to things that have network locations.13b, 14TaylorUniform Resource Identifier   Uniform Resource Locator  Uniform Resource Locator  !Uniform Resource Locator  URLUniform Resource Locator%% r an identification scheme for physical volume or storage locatioBrownUniform Resource LocatorhhNGGG #eXtensible Markup Language"" $1Knowledge Representation"" "XML12beXtensible Markup Language,, ˎ #A subset of SGML, designed specifically for Web documents, that omits some features of SGML and includes a few additional features; it allows designers to create their own customized tags, thus over-coming many of the limitations of HTML.12bTayloreXtensible Markup Language m1Expert Systemknowledge-based system/ MARC4Machine-Readable Cataloging++  A standard prescribing codes that precede and identify specific elements of a catalog record, allowing the record to be  read by machine and thus displayed in a fashion to make the record intelligible to users.4TaylorMachine-Readable Catalogingiy Anglo American Cataloging Rules, Second EditionAACR24Anglo American Cataloging Rules, Second Editionqq@@>>>7r LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej/v@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionKAKq 7F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  &肝2C( LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej*Mv@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition&肝2C(F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m Zj %System that uses data/information that are linked directly to the objects or entities to be retrieved1database systemooom A measurement of the ability of a system to retrieve relevant documents; a measurement of success in a system. Recall is computed by dividing the number of relevant retrieved documents by the number of all relevant documents.61BrownRecallTd A measure of the degree to which the search retrieval all that a perfect search would have retrieved61Green (670G)Recall~pnlՎ A measurement of the combined effect of three factors on a system: 1) # of relevant documents; 2) recall of the system; and 3) discrimination of the system. Precision is computed by dividing the # of relevant retrieved by all retrieved documents.61BrownPrecision O_ A measure of the degree to which the search retrieved only what a perfect search would have retrieved.61Green (670G)Precisionrpnv A search for items related to a specific topic1Green (670G) MCS interpretSubject searchddT8667G A search for an item the searcher knows to exist, perhaps using an ISMN or other identifying number.1Green (670G) Intrerpretation MCSKnown-item searchnll LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej*Mv@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition&肝2C(F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  U;ժEc LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejYiv@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionU;ժEcF{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m Zj QThat which is used to identify and characterize an object or item.14a2Green (670 G interpreted by MCS)DescriptionsQOJ A statement summarizing the important points of a text.3BrownAbstractRRHA?? 3AbstractIndicative abstract' 3AbstractInformative abstract( The act of summarizing, especially a text document3AbstractingII<<::v LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejYiv@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionU;ժEcF{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  d ODl׉ LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej ?mv@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitiond ODl׉F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m Vf An abstract that merely indicates what the document is about or is relevant for; pointer data.3BrownIndicative abstractohff 3Indicative abstractAbstract' 3Indicative abstractInformative abstract3 An abstract containing pointer data as well as some of the substantive data given in the document or generalized information that can be derived from the document.3BrownInformative abstract 3Informative abstractAbstract( 3Informative abstractIndicative abstract3 &Indicative abstractql| &indicates what is in the original without repeating its substance3Green (670G)Indicative abstractnnYKIIv 'repeats actual data and conclusions from the original.3Green (670G)Informative AbstractddN@>> (evaluates the original document.3Green (670G)Critical AbstractKK8*((m} )include labeled sections and are often filled in by quasi-controlled vocabulary.Structured AbstractmmXXXX\l )includes labeled sections and are often filled in by quasi-controlled vocabulary.3Green (670G)Structured Abstract~~i[YY *often takes the form of generating an extract of those sentences which, because of their position in the document and because of the words used in them, have the best chance summarizing the document.3Green (670G)Automatic AbstractingƎ +uses a variety of text analytic techniques to uncover the meaning of the text (which is captured in some knowledge representation formalism) and then uses text generation techniques to produce sentences that capture the overall meaning of the text.3Green (670G)Text Summarization$$ Anglo American Cataloging Rules, Second EditionA set of rules, published in 1978, for producing the descriptive and name-and-title access points part of a surrogate record for an information package.4TaylorAnglo American Cataloging Rules, Second Edition  77` AACR2R4Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision.NNr A revision of AACR2; rules are monitored by the Joint Steering Committee (JSC) for AACR, which is made up of representatives from Australia, Canada, Great Britain, and the United States.4TaylorAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 1988 Revision.   AACR2R4Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 RevisionMM  A revision of AACR2 that incorporates rewritten chapters for the description of cartographic materials, electronic resources, and continuing resources.4TaylorAnglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 Revisionn  HDC4Dublin Core  IA metadata scheme.13a4BrownDublin Core55(! JShortened form of Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. An internationally agreed-on set of elements that can be  filled in by the creator of an electronic document in order to create a metadata record for the document.13a4TaylorDublin Core ISBD4International Standard Bibliographic Descriptor??  A standard that was designed to facilitate the international exchange of cataloging records by standardizing the elements to be used in the description, assigning an order to these elements, and specifying a system of symbols to be used in punctuation.4TaylorInternational Standard Bibliographic Description@@ OCLC4 SupplementOnline Computer Library Center:: . A bibliographic network, based in Dublin, Ohio, that is the largest and most comprehensive bibliographic network in the world.4 SupplementTaylorOnline Computer Library Center ,International Standard Bibliographic Description88  ,A standard format for bibliographic description. It defines three major aspects of bibliographic description: content, arrangement, and punctuation.International Standard Bibliographic Descriptor ,A standard format for bibliographic description. It defines three major aspects of bibliographic description: content, arrangement, and punctuation.4Green (670G)International Standard Bibliographic Descriptor LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej ?mv@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitiond ODl׉F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej& Glossary.NumberH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  YnAH)+Vf -an integrated format in which bibliographic data can be exchanged electronically.Green (670G)Machine-Readable CataloginggYYY A format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.BrownRelationA format that determines how different pieces of information are arranged in the record.qg```7G A document of piece of code that controls a set of terms in another document or piece of code; similar in function to a master checklist.5TaylorSchema  3a visual outline of entities and relationships with their attributes.5Green (670G)Conceptual Schemapp]OMMO_ 4a class whose members can be uniquely identified by the values of their own (key) attributes.5Green (670G)Regular entity classugee 55Regular entity classentity class, 9strategy for locating descriptions in which the descriptions are presented in a meaningless order and the searcher sequentially scans description after description looking for materials of interest.6Green (670G)Browsingu ;Deciding under what element types access should be provided.6Green (670G)Choice of entryeeTFDDeu iAn object, observation, transaction, person, or other noun about which data is to be stored.5BrownEntityuumfdd kA  thing (resource, person, name, address, etc.).5TaylorEntityRRJB@@ jA term used in the field of organization of information to indicate an item; both  entity and  item are used in order to avoid  book or other such specific designation.5TaylorEntity .E-R5Entity-relationship modeling++  /recognizes entity classes and relationships as basic components of a data model. Uses information requirements to determine some appropriate logical structure for a database that can respond to underlying user needs.5Green (670G)Entity-relationship modelingeu 1a set or type of similar or identical entities. Entity classes can enter into relationships.5Entity classuuggee 0a fundamental thing of interest in the domain. Examples of entities are persons, places, objects, concepts, and events. Entities may be real or imaginary, concrete or abstract.5Green (670G)EntityWg 1a set or type of similar or identical entities. Entity classes can enter into relationships.5Green (670G)Entity classugee LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejFx:w@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinitionYnAH)+F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m  7Weak entity classjz 8a descriptive value/property associated with an entity or relationship class.5Green (670G)AttributeppeWUU 6Access pointPrimary access point, 6Access pointAdded entry# Any word or phrase used to obtain information from a retrieval tool or other organized system; in cataloging and indexing,  access points are specific names, titles, and subjects chosen by the cataloger or indexer.6TaylorAccess pointu Any term or portion in a record that may be used to locate that record6BrownAccess pointeeWPNNw Any access point in the metadata other then the primary access point6TaylorAdded entryccVNLLk{ An entry additional to the main entry by which an item is represented in an index6BrownAdded entryoob[YY& lThe number of concepts that will be considered in the process of providing subject analysis; two basic degrees of exhaustivity are depth indexing and summarization.6TaylorExhaustivity m1Expert Systemknowledge-based system/Rb 7A vocabulary in which one term is chosen from a group of synonyms to represent a concept.6Soergel (FW)Controlled vocabularyqcaa 8A list or database of subject terms in which all terms or phrases representing a concept are brought together. Often a preferred term or phrase is designated for use in surrogate records in a retrieval tool.6TaylorControlled vocabulary2B 6Language, usually in the form of a thesaurus or subject heading list, that is carefully systemized for use in retrieval systems.6BrownControlled vocabulary 96Controlled vocabularyUncontrolled vocabulary8 9strategy for locating descriptions in which the descriptions are presented in a meaningless order and the searcher sequentially scans description after description looking for materials of interest.Browsingq =The number of access points to a record provided by an ISAR system.6Green (670G)Exhaustivityii[MKK LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejm@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition;O(KwDF{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  ߲}ptONsIS LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejK3@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition߲}ptONsISF{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m  nIn a system in which the classification scheme is supplemented by a supplemental scheme on subarranging the books within the class, this refers to the number assigned by the classification system.13Green (670G)Class number LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ejK3@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition߲}ptONsISF{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  ./ߦ}]C" LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej&+@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition./ߦ}]C" F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( bSee Also       m  LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej&+@Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition./ߦ}]C" F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source       m  tCB¸G]ʥrTerm       m  {xTI;D( zSee Also       m  '.L{ 4 LVALMR2ValidationRuleValidationTextOrientation FilterOrderByOrderByOnNameMapColumnWidthColumnOrderColumnHiddenDescription FormatDecimalPlacesInputMaskCaptionDefaultValueRequiredDisplayControlAllowZeroLength$UnicodeCompressionGUID  8 0 UF{ ej @Glossary3&/VMwaF{ ejNumber{xTI;D( F{ ejTermÒE|̄3F{ ejAbbrevation?ɏC"r. F{ ejDefinition'.L{ 4F{ ejSee Also7⦥K#F{ ejLecture # (Soergel)7/vM7(ݷF{ ejSection # (Green)tCB¸G]ʥF{ ejSource F{ ej" Glossary.TermH @((Glossary.Abbrevation Is Null)) Number     Numbers are meaningless; they exist solely to be the primary key    0  m 3&/VMwaAbbrevation       m  ÒE|̄3~Definition }      m  ?ɏC"r. ,&Lecture # (Soergel)       m  7⦥K#("Section # (Green)       m  7/vM7(ݷv Source